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Giant staghorn stone causing inferior vena cava compression: a novel case report

Staghorn calculi (SC) are defined as large kidney stones that fill the renal pelvis and at least one renal calyx. They represent 10–20% of all renal stones in developing countries and require prompt diagnosis and management. Massive SC (over 5 cm) are treated exclusively via open surgery, despite pe...

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Autores principales: Alghafees, Mohammad A., Abdul Rab, Saleha, Raheel, Hiba M., Sabbah, Belal N., Maklad, Ahmed E., El Sarrag, Mazin I., Abouelkhair, Ahmed E., Aljurayyad, Abdulaziz, Alotaibi, Tariq, Alotaibi, Mohammed T., Alomar, Mohammad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10289729/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37363466
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000680
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author Alghafees, Mohammad A.
Abdul Rab, Saleha
Raheel, Hiba M.
Sabbah, Belal N.
Maklad, Ahmed E.
El Sarrag, Mazin I.
Abouelkhair, Ahmed E.
Aljurayyad, Abdulaziz
Alotaibi, Tariq
Alotaibi, Mohammed T.
Alomar, Mohammad
author_facet Alghafees, Mohammad A.
Abdul Rab, Saleha
Raheel, Hiba M.
Sabbah, Belal N.
Maklad, Ahmed E.
El Sarrag, Mazin I.
Abouelkhair, Ahmed E.
Aljurayyad, Abdulaziz
Alotaibi, Tariq
Alotaibi, Mohammed T.
Alomar, Mohammad
author_sort Alghafees, Mohammad A.
collection PubMed
description Staghorn calculi (SC) are defined as large kidney stones that fill the renal pelvis and at least one renal calyx. They represent 10–20% of all renal stones in developing countries and require prompt diagnosis and management. Massive SC (over 5 cm) are treated exclusively via open surgery, despite percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) being the gold standard treatment for large stones. Descriptions of PCNL for massive SC are very limited in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 63-year-old male who presented with chronic abdominal pain, hepatosplenomegaly, and normal renal function. He was later diagnosed with polycythemia vera. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed massive, bilateral staghorn stones measuring 7.3×5.5 cm and 1.8×4.5 cm on the right and left, respectively. Additionally, the right stone was found to be compressing the inferior vena cava (IVC). The patient was promptly scheduled for right-sided PCNL and the target of 80% stone fragmentation was successfully attained. DISCUSSION: We present the first case of a stone of such size in the Middle East, as well as the first known case of a renal stone compressing the IVC. Unlike previous reports, the stone was successfully fragmented via PCNL – a procedure that has not been described for stones of such size. CONCLUSION: This report highlights that ultrasound-guided PNCL without any other intervention is sufficient for the successful treatment of giant SC. Greater research is needed on the potential utility of using ultrasound-guided PCNL for the fragmentation of stones sized over 5 cm.
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spelling pubmed-102897292023-06-24 Giant staghorn stone causing inferior vena cava compression: a novel case report Alghafees, Mohammad A. Abdul Rab, Saleha Raheel, Hiba M. Sabbah, Belal N. Maklad, Ahmed E. El Sarrag, Mazin I. Abouelkhair, Ahmed E. Aljurayyad, Abdulaziz Alotaibi, Tariq Alotaibi, Mohammed T. Alomar, Mohammad Ann Med Surg (Lond) Case Reports Staghorn calculi (SC) are defined as large kidney stones that fill the renal pelvis and at least one renal calyx. They represent 10–20% of all renal stones in developing countries and require prompt diagnosis and management. Massive SC (over 5 cm) are treated exclusively via open surgery, despite percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) being the gold standard treatment for large stones. Descriptions of PCNL for massive SC are very limited in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 63-year-old male who presented with chronic abdominal pain, hepatosplenomegaly, and normal renal function. He was later diagnosed with polycythemia vera. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed massive, bilateral staghorn stones measuring 7.3×5.5 cm and 1.8×4.5 cm on the right and left, respectively. Additionally, the right stone was found to be compressing the inferior vena cava (IVC). The patient was promptly scheduled for right-sided PCNL and the target of 80% stone fragmentation was successfully attained. DISCUSSION: We present the first case of a stone of such size in the Middle East, as well as the first known case of a renal stone compressing the IVC. Unlike previous reports, the stone was successfully fragmented via PCNL – a procedure that has not been described for stones of such size. CONCLUSION: This report highlights that ultrasound-guided PNCL without any other intervention is sufficient for the successful treatment of giant SC. Greater research is needed on the potential utility of using ultrasound-guided PCNL for the fragmentation of stones sized over 5 cm. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10289729/ /pubmed/37363466 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000680 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
spellingShingle Case Reports
Alghafees, Mohammad A.
Abdul Rab, Saleha
Raheel, Hiba M.
Sabbah, Belal N.
Maklad, Ahmed E.
El Sarrag, Mazin I.
Abouelkhair, Ahmed E.
Aljurayyad, Abdulaziz
Alotaibi, Tariq
Alotaibi, Mohammed T.
Alomar, Mohammad
Giant staghorn stone causing inferior vena cava compression: a novel case report
title Giant staghorn stone causing inferior vena cava compression: a novel case report
title_full Giant staghorn stone causing inferior vena cava compression: a novel case report
title_fullStr Giant staghorn stone causing inferior vena cava compression: a novel case report
title_full_unstemmed Giant staghorn stone causing inferior vena cava compression: a novel case report
title_short Giant staghorn stone causing inferior vena cava compression: a novel case report
title_sort giant staghorn stone causing inferior vena cava compression: a novel case report
topic Case Reports
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10289729/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37363466
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000680
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