Closing potential drivers of antimicrobial resistance: last-resort antimicrobials with the potential of being misused, the way forward – a short communication

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is still a formidable global public health challenge, as microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, evolve resistance to commonly used drugs, particularly antibiotics. The preservation of last-resort antimicrobials is critical for treating multi-drug-resistant infections; however, their indiscriminate use can exacerbate AMR crisis. This short communication delves into the multifaceted challenges, innovative strategies, and promising future directions to combat AMR effectively. Factors such as inappropriate prescription practices and the dearth of novel antibiotics contribute to the emergence of AMR. By implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs and fostering public education, we can mitigate the misuse of these vital drugs. Future research endeavors should concentrate on the development of cutting-edge drugs and diagnostic technologies to address AMR with enhanced precision and efficiency. Additionally, robust surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring antibiotic use and resistance patterns, providing valuable insights to inform policy decisions. A concerted, collaborative effort from governments, policymakers, healthcare providers, researchers, and other stakeholders is indispensable for overcoming the global health crisis posed by AMR.