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An influenza A (H3N2) virus outbreak in the Kingdom of Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020

BACKGROUND: Global influenza virus circulation decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, possibly due to widespread community mitigation measures. Cambodia eased some COVID-19 mitigation measures in June and July 2020. On 20 August a cluster of respiratory illnesses occurred among residents of a pagod...

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Autores principales: Sovann, L.Y., Sar, B., Kab, V., Yann, S., Kinzer, M., Raftery, P., Albalak, R., Patel, S., Hay, P. Long, Seng, H., Um, S., Chin, S., Chau, D., Khalakdina, A., Karlsson, E., Olsen, S.J., Mott, J.A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10290288/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33249287
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.178
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author Sovann, L.Y.
Sar, B.
Kab, V.
Yann, S.
Kinzer, M.
Raftery, P.
Albalak, R.
Patel, S.
Hay, P. Long
Seng, H.
Um, S.
Chin, S.
Chau, D.
Khalakdina, A.
Karlsson, E.
Olsen, S.J.
Mott, J.A.
author_facet Sovann, L.Y.
Sar, B.
Kab, V.
Yann, S.
Kinzer, M.
Raftery, P.
Albalak, R.
Patel, S.
Hay, P. Long
Seng, H.
Um, S.
Chin, S.
Chau, D.
Khalakdina, A.
Karlsson, E.
Olsen, S.J.
Mott, J.A.
author_sort Sovann, L.Y.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Global influenza virus circulation decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, possibly due to widespread community mitigation measures. Cambodia eased some COVID-19 mitigation measures in June and July 2020. On 20 August a cluster of respiratory illnesses occurred among residents of a pagoda, including people who tested positive for influenza A but none who were positive for SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: A response team was deployed on 25 August 2020. People with influenza-like illness (ILI) were asked questions regarding demographics, illness, personal prevention measures, and residential arrangements. Respiratory swabs were tested for influenza and SARS-Cov-2 by real-time reverse transcription PCR, and viruses were sequenced. Sentinel surveillance data were analyzed to assess recent trends in influenza circulation in the community. RESULTS: Influenza A (H3N2) viruses were identified during sentinel surveillance in Cambodia in July 2020 prior to the reported pagoda outbreak. Among the 362 pagoda residents, 73 (20.2%) ILI cases were identified and 40 were tested, where 33/40 (82.5%) confirmed positive for influenza A (H3N2). All 40 were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Among the 73 residents with ILI, none were vaccinated against influenza, 47 (64%) clustered in 3/8 sleeping quarters, 20 (27%) reported often wearing a mask, 27 (36%) reported often washing hands, and 11 (15%) reported practicing social distancing. All viruses clustered within clade 3c2.A1 close to strains circulating in Australia in 2020. CONCLUSIONS: Circulation of influenza viruses began in the community following the relaxation of national COVID-19 mitigation measures, and prior to the outbreak in a pagoda with limited social distancing. Continued surveillance and influenza vaccination are required to limit the impact of influenza globally.
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spelling pubmed-102902882023-06-26 An influenza A (H3N2) virus outbreak in the Kingdom of Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 Sovann, L.Y. Sar, B. Kab, V. Yann, S. Kinzer, M. Raftery, P. Albalak, R. Patel, S. Hay, P. Long Seng, H. Um, S. Chin, S. Chau, D. Khalakdina, A. Karlsson, E. Olsen, S.J. Mott, J.A. Int J Infect Dis Article BACKGROUND: Global influenza virus circulation decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, possibly due to widespread community mitigation measures. Cambodia eased some COVID-19 mitigation measures in June and July 2020. On 20 August a cluster of respiratory illnesses occurred among residents of a pagoda, including people who tested positive for influenza A but none who were positive for SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: A response team was deployed on 25 August 2020. People with influenza-like illness (ILI) were asked questions regarding demographics, illness, personal prevention measures, and residential arrangements. Respiratory swabs were tested for influenza and SARS-Cov-2 by real-time reverse transcription PCR, and viruses were sequenced. Sentinel surveillance data were analyzed to assess recent trends in influenza circulation in the community. RESULTS: Influenza A (H3N2) viruses were identified during sentinel surveillance in Cambodia in July 2020 prior to the reported pagoda outbreak. Among the 362 pagoda residents, 73 (20.2%) ILI cases were identified and 40 were tested, where 33/40 (82.5%) confirmed positive for influenza A (H3N2). All 40 were negative for SARS-CoV-2. Among the 73 residents with ILI, none were vaccinated against influenza, 47 (64%) clustered in 3/8 sleeping quarters, 20 (27%) reported often wearing a mask, 27 (36%) reported often washing hands, and 11 (15%) reported practicing social distancing. All viruses clustered within clade 3c2.A1 close to strains circulating in Australia in 2020. CONCLUSIONS: Circulation of influenza viruses began in the community following the relaxation of national COVID-19 mitigation measures, and prior to the outbreak in a pagoda with limited social distancing. Continued surveillance and influenza vaccination are required to limit the impact of influenza globally. Elsevier 2021-02 2020-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10290288/ /pubmed/33249287 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.178 Text en Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Sovann, L.Y.
Sar, B.
Kab, V.
Yann, S.
Kinzer, M.
Raftery, P.
Albalak, R.
Patel, S.
Hay, P. Long
Seng, H.
Um, S.
Chin, S.
Chau, D.
Khalakdina, A.
Karlsson, E.
Olsen, S.J.
Mott, J.A.
An influenza A (H3N2) virus outbreak in the Kingdom of Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020
title An influenza A (H3N2) virus outbreak in the Kingdom of Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020
title_full An influenza A (H3N2) virus outbreak in the Kingdom of Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020
title_fullStr An influenza A (H3N2) virus outbreak in the Kingdom of Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020
title_full_unstemmed An influenza A (H3N2) virus outbreak in the Kingdom of Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020
title_short An influenza A (H3N2) virus outbreak in the Kingdom of Cambodia during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020
title_sort influenza a (h3n2) virus outbreak in the kingdom of cambodia during the covid-19 pandemic of 2020
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10290288/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33249287
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.178
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