COVID-19 in Pediatric Patients: A Study Based on Biomarker Levels

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected people of all ages, but limited data are available on children with mild and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Clinical characteristics, inflammation, and other biochemical biomarkers have been described, but information is scarce in asymptomatic and mild cases. Laboratory investigations were performed with pediatric patients (n=70) for liver function and kidney function, along with C-reactive protein (CRP). Results: Mild clinical characteristics and symptoms were observed in pediatric patients. Even in moderate cases of COVID-19, elevated levels of biomarkers indicate altered liver and kidney function in children. The levels of liver enzymes, bilirubin, creatinine, and CRP varied significantly between the three classes, particularly between asymptomatic and moderate cases. Liver enzymes, bilirubin, and creatinine levels in moderate COVID-19 pediatric cases were twice as elevated as in asymptomatic cases. Liver enzymes and CRP levels were moderately elevated. Conclusion: Monitoring blood biomarkers consistently can assist in the accurate identification of infection in young patients as well as in the prevention of its spread and the administration of appropriate treatment.