Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Prevalence and Determinants Among Adults in the Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is among the most prevalent gut-brain interaction disorders and one of the most expensive in terms of money and health. Despite their widespread occurrence in society, these disorders have only recently been subjected to rigorous scientific inquiry, classification, and treatment. Although IBS does not lead to future complications, such as bowel cancer, it can impact work productivity and health-related quality of life and increase medical costs. Both young and older people with IBS have worse general health than the general population. Aims: To determine the prevalence of IBS among adults aged 25 to 55 years in the Makkah region, as well as the risk factors that may contribute to it. Methodology: A cross-sectional web-based survey with a representative sample (n = 936) of individuals in the Makkah region was carried out from November 21, 2022, to May 3, 2023. Results: In Makkah, 420 out of 936 persons have IBS, making it 44.9% common. Most of the IBS patients in the study were women, aged 25 to 35 years, married, and suffering from mixed IBS. Age, gender, marital status, and occupation were found to be associated with IBS. It was discovered that there is an association between IBS and insomnia, medication use, food allergies, chronic diseases, anemia, arthritis, gastrointestinal surgery, and a family history of IBS. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of addressing the risk factors of IBS and developing supportive environments to alleviate its effects in Makkah. The researchers hope the findings inspire further research and action to improve the lives of people with IBS.