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Protective Effect of Vaccine Doses and Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Patients undergoing kidney transplantation have a poor response to vaccination and a higher risk of disease progression of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The effectiveness of vaccine doses and antibody titer tests against the mutant variant in these patients remains un...

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Autores principales: Chen, Chien-Chia, Hsu, Meng-Kai, Huang, Yi-Jen, Lai, Mei-Jun, Wu, Shu-Wei, Lin, Min-Huey, Hung, Hsu-Shan, Lin, Yu-Chun, Huang, Yu-Tsung, Lee, Ya-Fen, Tsai, Meng-Kun, Lee, Chih-Yuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294008/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37383842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ti.2023.11196
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author Chen, Chien-Chia
Hsu, Meng-Kai
Huang, Yi-Jen
Lai, Mei-Jun
Wu, Shu-Wei
Lin, Min-Huey
Hung, Hsu-Shan
Lin, Yu-Chun
Huang, Yu-Tsung
Lee, Ya-Fen
Tsai, Meng-Kun
Lee, Chih-Yuan
author_facet Chen, Chien-Chia
Hsu, Meng-Kai
Huang, Yi-Jen
Lai, Mei-Jun
Wu, Shu-Wei
Lin, Min-Huey
Hung, Hsu-Shan
Lin, Yu-Chun
Huang, Yu-Tsung
Lee, Ya-Fen
Tsai, Meng-Kun
Lee, Chih-Yuan
author_sort Chen, Chien-Chia
collection PubMed
description Patients undergoing kidney transplantation have a poor response to vaccination and a higher risk of disease progression of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The effectiveness of vaccine doses and antibody titer tests against the mutant variant in these patients remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a single medical center according to vaccine doses and immune responses before the outbreak. Among 622 kidney transplant patients, there were 77 patients without vaccination, 26 with one dose, 74 with two doses, 357 with three, and 88 with four doses. The vaccination status and infection rate proportion were similar to the general population. Patients undergoing more than three vaccinations had a lower risk of infection (odds ratio = 0.6527, 95% CI = 0.4324–0.9937) and hospitalization (odds ratio = 0.3161, 95% CI = 0.1311–0.7464). Antibody and cellular responses were measured in 181 patients after vaccination. Anti-spike protein antibody titer of more than 1,689.3 BAU/mL is protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio = 0.4136, 95% CI = 0.1800–0.9043). A cellular response by interferon-γ release assay was not correlated with the disease (odds ratio = 1.001, 95% CI = 0.9995–1.002). In conclusion, despite mutant strain, more than three doses of the first-generation vaccine and high antibody titers provided better protection against the omicron variant for a kidney transplant recipient.
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spelling pubmed-102940082023-06-28 Protective Effect of Vaccine Doses and Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients Chen, Chien-Chia Hsu, Meng-Kai Huang, Yi-Jen Lai, Mei-Jun Wu, Shu-Wei Lin, Min-Huey Hung, Hsu-Shan Lin, Yu-Chun Huang, Yu-Tsung Lee, Ya-Fen Tsai, Meng-Kun Lee, Chih-Yuan Transpl Int Health Archive Patients undergoing kidney transplantation have a poor response to vaccination and a higher risk of disease progression of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The effectiveness of vaccine doses and antibody titer tests against the mutant variant in these patients remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a single medical center according to vaccine doses and immune responses before the outbreak. Among 622 kidney transplant patients, there were 77 patients without vaccination, 26 with one dose, 74 with two doses, 357 with three, and 88 with four doses. The vaccination status and infection rate proportion were similar to the general population. Patients undergoing more than three vaccinations had a lower risk of infection (odds ratio = 0.6527, 95% CI = 0.4324–0.9937) and hospitalization (odds ratio = 0.3161, 95% CI = 0.1311–0.7464). Antibody and cellular responses were measured in 181 patients after vaccination. Anti-spike protein antibody titer of more than 1,689.3 BAU/mL is protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio = 0.4136, 95% CI = 0.1800–0.9043). A cellular response by interferon-γ release assay was not correlated with the disease (odds ratio = 1.001, 95% CI = 0.9995–1.002). In conclusion, despite mutant strain, more than three doses of the first-generation vaccine and high antibody titers provided better protection against the omicron variant for a kidney transplant recipient. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10294008/ /pubmed/37383842 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ti.2023.11196 Text en Copyright © 2023 Chen, Hsu, Huang, Lai, Wu, Lin, Hung, Lin, Huang, Lee, Tsai and Lee. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Health Archive
Chen, Chien-Chia
Hsu, Meng-Kai
Huang, Yi-Jen
Lai, Mei-Jun
Wu, Shu-Wei
Lin, Min-Huey
Hung, Hsu-Shan
Lin, Yu-Chun
Huang, Yu-Tsung
Lee, Ya-Fen
Tsai, Meng-Kun
Lee, Chih-Yuan
Protective Effect of Vaccine Doses and Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title Protective Effect of Vaccine Doses and Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_full Protective Effect of Vaccine Doses and Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_fullStr Protective Effect of Vaccine Doses and Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_full_unstemmed Protective Effect of Vaccine Doses and Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_short Protective Effect of Vaccine Doses and Antibody Titers Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_sort protective effect of vaccine doses and antibody titers against sars-cov-2 infection in kidney transplant recipients
topic Health Archive
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294008/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37383842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ti.2023.11196
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