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Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for 10% of new lymphoma diagnoses and has generally high cure rates, although there is a need for new treatments in the relapsed setting. On the microscopic scale, neoplastic cells are believed to be in a constant cross-talk with their surrounding immune cel...

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Autores principales: Georgoulis, Vasileios, Papoudou-Bai, Alexandra, Makis, Alexandros, Kanavaros, Panagiotis, Hatzimichael, Eleftheria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294989/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37372147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12060862
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author Georgoulis, Vasileios
Papoudou-Bai, Alexandra
Makis, Alexandros
Kanavaros, Panagiotis
Hatzimichael, Eleftheria
author_facet Georgoulis, Vasileios
Papoudou-Bai, Alexandra
Makis, Alexandros
Kanavaros, Panagiotis
Hatzimichael, Eleftheria
author_sort Georgoulis, Vasileios
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for 10% of new lymphoma diagnoses and has generally high cure rates, although there is a need for new treatments in the relapsed setting. On the microscopic scale, neoplastic cells are believed to be in a constant cross-talk with their surrounding immune cells and shape a microenvironment that suppresses host’s anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we summarize findings regarding the role of each cell in the tumor microenvironment of classic Hodgkin lymphoma, with a focus on macrophages, and we describe ways in which the tumor cells manage to escape from the patient’s immune surveillance. Within this microenvironment, novel therapeutic targets have emerged, allowing for a personalized approach for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. ABSTRACT: Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a lymphoid neoplasm composed of rare neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells surrounded by a reactive tumor microenvironment (TME) with suppressive properties against anti-tumor immunity. TME is mainly composed of T cells (CD4 helper, CD8 cytotoxic and regulatory) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but the impact of these cells on the natural course of the disease is not absolutely understood. TME contributes to the immune evasion of neoplastic HRS cells through the production of various cytokines and/or the aberrant expression of immune checkpoint molecules in ways that have not been fully understood yet. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of findings regarding the cellular components and the molecular features of the immune TME in cHL, its correlation with treatment response and prognosis, as well as the potential targeting of the TME with novel therapies. Among all cells, macrophages appear to be a most appealing target for immunomodulatory therapies, based on their functional plasticity and antitumor potency.
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spelling pubmed-102949892023-06-28 Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications Georgoulis, Vasileios Papoudou-Bai, Alexandra Makis, Alexandros Kanavaros, Panagiotis Hatzimichael, Eleftheria Biology (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for 10% of new lymphoma diagnoses and has generally high cure rates, although there is a need for new treatments in the relapsed setting. On the microscopic scale, neoplastic cells are believed to be in a constant cross-talk with their surrounding immune cells and shape a microenvironment that suppresses host’s anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we summarize findings regarding the role of each cell in the tumor microenvironment of classic Hodgkin lymphoma, with a focus on macrophages, and we describe ways in which the tumor cells manage to escape from the patient’s immune surveillance. Within this microenvironment, novel therapeutic targets have emerged, allowing for a personalized approach for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. ABSTRACT: Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a lymphoid neoplasm composed of rare neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells surrounded by a reactive tumor microenvironment (TME) with suppressive properties against anti-tumor immunity. TME is mainly composed of T cells (CD4 helper, CD8 cytotoxic and regulatory) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but the impact of these cells on the natural course of the disease is not absolutely understood. TME contributes to the immune evasion of neoplastic HRS cells through the production of various cytokines and/or the aberrant expression of immune checkpoint molecules in ways that have not been fully understood yet. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of findings regarding the cellular components and the molecular features of the immune TME in cHL, its correlation with treatment response and prognosis, as well as the potential targeting of the TME with novel therapies. Among all cells, macrophages appear to be a most appealing target for immunomodulatory therapies, based on their functional plasticity and antitumor potency. MDPI 2023-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10294989/ /pubmed/37372147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12060862 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Georgoulis, Vasileios
Papoudou-Bai, Alexandra
Makis, Alexandros
Kanavaros, Panagiotis
Hatzimichael, Eleftheria
Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
title Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
title_full Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
title_fullStr Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
title_full_unstemmed Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
title_short Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
title_sort unraveling the immune microenvironment in classic hodgkin lymphoma: prognostic and therapeutic implications
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294989/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37372147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12060862
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