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Immunological Pathways in Sarcoidosis and Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders—Similarities and Differences in an Italian Prospective Real-Life Preliminary Study

Background: The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis involves T cells and B lymphocytes that produce autoantibodies. We compared the expression of different T and B cell subsets in sarcoidosis and three B-mediated rheumatic diseases that can affect the lungs in an attempt to identify similarities and differe...

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Autores principales: d’Alessandro, Miriana, Bergantini, Laura, Gangi, Sara, Conticini, Edoardo, Cavallaro, Dalila, Cameli, Paolo, Mezzasalma, Fabrizio, Cantarini, Luca, Frediani, Bruno, Bargagli, Elena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294995/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371628
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061532
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author d’Alessandro, Miriana
Bergantini, Laura
Gangi, Sara
Conticini, Edoardo
Cavallaro, Dalila
Cameli, Paolo
Mezzasalma, Fabrizio
Cantarini, Luca
Frediani, Bruno
Bargagli, Elena
author_facet d’Alessandro, Miriana
Bergantini, Laura
Gangi, Sara
Conticini, Edoardo
Cavallaro, Dalila
Cameli, Paolo
Mezzasalma, Fabrizio
Cantarini, Luca
Frediani, Bruno
Bargagli, Elena
author_sort d’Alessandro, Miriana
collection PubMed
description Background: The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis involves T cells and B lymphocytes that produce autoantibodies. We compared the expression of different T and B cell subsets in sarcoidosis and three B-mediated rheumatic diseases that can affect the lungs in an attempt to identify similarities and differences that distinguish these diseases. Methods: The study included patients referred to Siena University Hospital’s respiratory disease and rheumatology units. Patients were enrolled prospectively and consecutively. Healthy volunteers were also included. Multicolor flow cytometry was performed on phenotype T and B cell subsets. Multivariate analysis was carried out to reduce the dimensionality of the data. Results: Fifteen patients had a diagnosis of sarcoidosis, fourteen idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), five granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), ten microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and seven were controls. Thirty-five T and B cell subsets were phenotyped, 15 of which were significantly different in sarcoidosis, B-mediated rheumatic disorders, and controls. Principal components analysis distinguished the four groups of patients with a total explained variance of 54.7%. A decision tree was constructed to determine which clustering variables would be most useful for distinguishing sarcoidosis, IIM, MPA, and GPA. The model showed regulatory T helper cells (Th-reg) > 5.70% in 91% of sarcoidosis patients as well as Th-reg ≤ 5.70 and Th17 > 43.27 in 100% of MPA. It also showed Th-reg ≤ 5.70, Th17 ≤ 43.27 and Tfh-reg ≥ 7.81 in 100% of GPA patients, and Th-reg ≤ 5.70, Th17 ≤ 43.27 and Tfh-reg ≤ 7.81 in 100% of IIM patients. Conclusion: The immune cell profile sheds light on similarities and differences between sarcoidosis and B-mediated rheumatic diseases. Sarcoidosis and autoimmune diseases show similar patterns of cellular immune dysregulation, suggesting a common pathogenic pathway that may provide an opportunity for further understanding autoimmunity and exploring biological therapies to treat sarcoidosis.
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spelling pubmed-102949952023-06-28 Immunological Pathways in Sarcoidosis and Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders—Similarities and Differences in an Italian Prospective Real-Life Preliminary Study d’Alessandro, Miriana Bergantini, Laura Gangi, Sara Conticini, Edoardo Cavallaro, Dalila Cameli, Paolo Mezzasalma, Fabrizio Cantarini, Luca Frediani, Bruno Bargagli, Elena Biomedicines Article Background: The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis involves T cells and B lymphocytes that produce autoantibodies. We compared the expression of different T and B cell subsets in sarcoidosis and three B-mediated rheumatic diseases that can affect the lungs in an attempt to identify similarities and differences that distinguish these diseases. Methods: The study included patients referred to Siena University Hospital’s respiratory disease and rheumatology units. Patients were enrolled prospectively and consecutively. Healthy volunteers were also included. Multicolor flow cytometry was performed on phenotype T and B cell subsets. Multivariate analysis was carried out to reduce the dimensionality of the data. Results: Fifteen patients had a diagnosis of sarcoidosis, fourteen idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), five granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), ten microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and seven were controls. Thirty-five T and B cell subsets were phenotyped, 15 of which were significantly different in sarcoidosis, B-mediated rheumatic disorders, and controls. Principal components analysis distinguished the four groups of patients with a total explained variance of 54.7%. A decision tree was constructed to determine which clustering variables would be most useful for distinguishing sarcoidosis, IIM, MPA, and GPA. The model showed regulatory T helper cells (Th-reg) > 5.70% in 91% of sarcoidosis patients as well as Th-reg ≤ 5.70 and Th17 > 43.27 in 100% of MPA. It also showed Th-reg ≤ 5.70, Th17 ≤ 43.27 and Tfh-reg ≥ 7.81 in 100% of GPA patients, and Th-reg ≤ 5.70, Th17 ≤ 43.27 and Tfh-reg ≤ 7.81 in 100% of IIM patients. Conclusion: The immune cell profile sheds light on similarities and differences between sarcoidosis and B-mediated rheumatic diseases. Sarcoidosis and autoimmune diseases show similar patterns of cellular immune dysregulation, suggesting a common pathogenic pathway that may provide an opportunity for further understanding autoimmunity and exploring biological therapies to treat sarcoidosis. MDPI 2023-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10294995/ /pubmed/37371628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061532 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
d’Alessandro, Miriana
Bergantini, Laura
Gangi, Sara
Conticini, Edoardo
Cavallaro, Dalila
Cameli, Paolo
Mezzasalma, Fabrizio
Cantarini, Luca
Frediani, Bruno
Bargagli, Elena
Immunological Pathways in Sarcoidosis and Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders—Similarities and Differences in an Italian Prospective Real-Life Preliminary Study
title Immunological Pathways in Sarcoidosis and Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders—Similarities and Differences in an Italian Prospective Real-Life Preliminary Study
title_full Immunological Pathways in Sarcoidosis and Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders—Similarities and Differences in an Italian Prospective Real-Life Preliminary Study
title_fullStr Immunological Pathways in Sarcoidosis and Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders—Similarities and Differences in an Italian Prospective Real-Life Preliminary Study
title_full_unstemmed Immunological Pathways in Sarcoidosis and Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders—Similarities and Differences in an Italian Prospective Real-Life Preliminary Study
title_short Immunological Pathways in Sarcoidosis and Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders—Similarities and Differences in an Italian Prospective Real-Life Preliminary Study
title_sort immunological pathways in sarcoidosis and autoimmune rheumatic disorders—similarities and differences in an italian prospective real-life preliminary study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294995/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371628
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061532
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