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The Effect of Physical Exercise on People with Psychosis: A Qualitative Critical Review of Neuroimaging Findings

Recently, genuine motor abnormalities have been recognized as prodromal and predictive signs of psychosis onset and progression. Therefore, physical exercise could represent a potentially relevant clinical tool in promoting the reshaping of neural connections in motor circuitry. The aim of this revi...

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Autores principales: Saviola, Francesca, Deste, Giacomo, Barlati, Stefano, Vita, Antonio, Gasparotti, Roberto, Corbo, Daniele
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10295951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371403
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13060923
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author Saviola, Francesca
Deste, Giacomo
Barlati, Stefano
Vita, Antonio
Gasparotti, Roberto
Corbo, Daniele
author_facet Saviola, Francesca
Deste, Giacomo
Barlati, Stefano
Vita, Antonio
Gasparotti, Roberto
Corbo, Daniele
author_sort Saviola, Francesca
collection PubMed
description Recently, genuine motor abnormalities have been recognized as prodromal and predictive signs of psychosis onset and progression. Therefore, physical exercise could represent a potentially relevant clinical tool in promoting the reshaping of neural connections in motor circuitry. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the literature on neuroimaging findings as a result of physical treatment in psychosis cohorts. Twenty-one studies, all research articles, were included and discussed in this narrative review. Here, we first outlined how the psychotic brain is susceptible to structural plastic changes after aerobic physical training in pathognomic brain areas (i.e., temporal, hippocampal and parahippocampal regions). Secondly, we focused on functional changes, both region-specific and in terms of connections, to gain insights into the involvement of distant but inter-related neural regions in the plastic process occurring after treatment. Third, we attempted to bridge neural plastic changes occurring after physical interventions with clinical and cognitive outcomes of psychotic patients in order to assess the relevance of such neural reshaping in the psychiatric rehabilitation field. In conclusion, we suggest that the current state of the art is presenting physical intervention as effective in promoting neural changes for patients with psychosis; it is not only useful at the onset of the pathology but also in improving the course of the illness and its functional outcome. However, more evidence is needed to improve our knowledge of the efficacy of physical exercise in plastically reorganizing the psychotic brain in the long term, especially within regions lacking specific investigations, such as motor circuitry.
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spelling pubmed-102959512023-06-28 The Effect of Physical Exercise on People with Psychosis: A Qualitative Critical Review of Neuroimaging Findings Saviola, Francesca Deste, Giacomo Barlati, Stefano Vita, Antonio Gasparotti, Roberto Corbo, Daniele Brain Sci Review Recently, genuine motor abnormalities have been recognized as prodromal and predictive signs of psychosis onset and progression. Therefore, physical exercise could represent a potentially relevant clinical tool in promoting the reshaping of neural connections in motor circuitry. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the literature on neuroimaging findings as a result of physical treatment in psychosis cohorts. Twenty-one studies, all research articles, were included and discussed in this narrative review. Here, we first outlined how the psychotic brain is susceptible to structural plastic changes after aerobic physical training in pathognomic brain areas (i.e., temporal, hippocampal and parahippocampal regions). Secondly, we focused on functional changes, both region-specific and in terms of connections, to gain insights into the involvement of distant but inter-related neural regions in the plastic process occurring after treatment. Third, we attempted to bridge neural plastic changes occurring after physical interventions with clinical and cognitive outcomes of psychotic patients in order to assess the relevance of such neural reshaping in the psychiatric rehabilitation field. In conclusion, we suggest that the current state of the art is presenting physical intervention as effective in promoting neural changes for patients with psychosis; it is not only useful at the onset of the pathology but also in improving the course of the illness and its functional outcome. However, more evidence is needed to improve our knowledge of the efficacy of physical exercise in plastically reorganizing the psychotic brain in the long term, especially within regions lacking specific investigations, such as motor circuitry. MDPI 2023-06-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10295951/ /pubmed/37371403 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13060923 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Saviola, Francesca
Deste, Giacomo
Barlati, Stefano
Vita, Antonio
Gasparotti, Roberto
Corbo, Daniele
The Effect of Physical Exercise on People with Psychosis: A Qualitative Critical Review of Neuroimaging Findings
title The Effect of Physical Exercise on People with Psychosis: A Qualitative Critical Review of Neuroimaging Findings
title_full The Effect of Physical Exercise on People with Psychosis: A Qualitative Critical Review of Neuroimaging Findings
title_fullStr The Effect of Physical Exercise on People with Psychosis: A Qualitative Critical Review of Neuroimaging Findings
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Physical Exercise on People with Psychosis: A Qualitative Critical Review of Neuroimaging Findings
title_short The Effect of Physical Exercise on People with Psychosis: A Qualitative Critical Review of Neuroimaging Findings
title_sort effect of physical exercise on people with psychosis: a qualitative critical review of neuroimaging findings
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10295951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371403
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13060923
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