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Pharmacokinetics of Antibacterial Agents in the Elderly: The Body of Evidence

Infections are important factors contributing to the morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. High rates of consumption of antimicrobial agents by the elderly may result in increased risk of toxic reactions, deteriorating functions of various organs and systems and leading to the prolongation...

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Autores principales: Butranova, Olga I., Ushkalova, Elena A., Zyryanov, Sergey K., Chenkurov, Mikhail S., Baybulatova, Elena A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10296334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371728
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061633
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author Butranova, Olga I.
Ushkalova, Elena A.
Zyryanov, Sergey K.
Chenkurov, Mikhail S.
Baybulatova, Elena A.
author_facet Butranova, Olga I.
Ushkalova, Elena A.
Zyryanov, Sergey K.
Chenkurov, Mikhail S.
Baybulatova, Elena A.
author_sort Butranova, Olga I.
collection PubMed
description Infections are important factors contributing to the morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. High rates of consumption of antimicrobial agents by the elderly may result in increased risk of toxic reactions, deteriorating functions of various organs and systems and leading to the prolongation of hospital stay, admission to the intensive care unit, disability, and lethal outcome. Both safety and efficacy of antibiotics are determined by the values of their plasma concentrations, widely affected by physiologic and pathologic age-related changes specific for the elderly population. Drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion are altered in different extents depending on functional and morphological changes in the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and kidneys. Water and fat content, skeletal muscle mass, nutritional status, use of concomitant drugs are other determinants of pharmacokinetics changes observed in the elderly. The choice of a proper dosing regimen is essential to provide effective and safe antibiotic therapy in terms of attainment of certain pharmacodynamic targets. The objective of this review is to perform a structure of evidence on the age-related changes contributing to the alteration of pharmacokinetic parameters in the elderly.
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spelling pubmed-102963342023-06-28 Pharmacokinetics of Antibacterial Agents in the Elderly: The Body of Evidence Butranova, Olga I. Ushkalova, Elena A. Zyryanov, Sergey K. Chenkurov, Mikhail S. Baybulatova, Elena A. Biomedicines Review Infections are important factors contributing to the morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. High rates of consumption of antimicrobial agents by the elderly may result in increased risk of toxic reactions, deteriorating functions of various organs and systems and leading to the prolongation of hospital stay, admission to the intensive care unit, disability, and lethal outcome. Both safety and efficacy of antibiotics are determined by the values of their plasma concentrations, widely affected by physiologic and pathologic age-related changes specific for the elderly population. Drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion are altered in different extents depending on functional and morphological changes in the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, and kidneys. Water and fat content, skeletal muscle mass, nutritional status, use of concomitant drugs are other determinants of pharmacokinetics changes observed in the elderly. The choice of a proper dosing regimen is essential to provide effective and safe antibiotic therapy in terms of attainment of certain pharmacodynamic targets. The objective of this review is to perform a structure of evidence on the age-related changes contributing to the alteration of pharmacokinetic parameters in the elderly. MDPI 2023-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10296334/ /pubmed/37371728 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061633 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Butranova, Olga I.
Ushkalova, Elena A.
Zyryanov, Sergey K.
Chenkurov, Mikhail S.
Baybulatova, Elena A.
Pharmacokinetics of Antibacterial Agents in the Elderly: The Body of Evidence
title Pharmacokinetics of Antibacterial Agents in the Elderly: The Body of Evidence
title_full Pharmacokinetics of Antibacterial Agents in the Elderly: The Body of Evidence
title_fullStr Pharmacokinetics of Antibacterial Agents in the Elderly: The Body of Evidence
title_full_unstemmed Pharmacokinetics of Antibacterial Agents in the Elderly: The Body of Evidence
title_short Pharmacokinetics of Antibacterial Agents in the Elderly: The Body of Evidence
title_sort pharmacokinetics of antibacterial agents in the elderly: the body of evidence
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10296334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371728
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061633
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