Could Oxidative Stress Play a Role in the Development and Clinical Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer?

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Increased oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated as a relevant risk factor for cancer development and progression. The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has risen in several populations globally over the last few decades, accounting for approximately 1% of all cancer cases. Patients with DTC diagnosis have been characterized by an increased OS status, which is associated with a poorer prognosis. Therefore, assessing OS status could potentially be considered a useful tool in DTC clinical management. This measurement could be particularly valuable in personalizing treatment protocols and determining new potential medical targets. The purpose of this article is to evaluate research that examines the influence of OS on the progression of DTC and investigate the feasibility of utilizing OS measurements in DTC risk assessment. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the correlation between carcinogenesis and OS, specifically in the DTC cases, can facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. ABSTRACT: Increased oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated as a relevant risk factor for cancer progression. Furthermore, patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have been characterized by an increased OS status. Therefore, assessing OS status could potentially be considered a useful tool in DTC clinical management. This measurement could be particularly valuable in personalizing treatment protocols and determining new potential medical targets to improve commonly used therapies. A literature review was conducted to gather new information on DTC clinical management, with a particular focus on evaluating the clinical utility of OS. These meta-analyses concentrate on novel approaches that employ the measurement of oxidative-antioxidant status, which could represent the most promising area for implementing clinical management.