Cargando…

Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes

An interesting class of physical systems, including those associated with life, demonstrates the ability to hold thermalization at bay and perpetuate states of high free-energy compared to a local environment. In this work we study quantum systems with no external sources or sinks for energy, heat,...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Akhouri, Unnati, Shandera, Sarah, Yesmurzayeva, Gaukhar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10297148/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37372291
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25060947
_version_ 1785063814774915072
author Akhouri, Unnati
Shandera, Sarah
Yesmurzayeva, Gaukhar
author_facet Akhouri, Unnati
Shandera, Sarah
Yesmurzayeva, Gaukhar
author_sort Akhouri, Unnati
collection PubMed
description An interesting class of physical systems, including those associated with life, demonstrates the ability to hold thermalization at bay and perpetuate states of high free-energy compared to a local environment. In this work we study quantum systems with no external sources or sinks for energy, heat, work, or entropy that allow for high free-energy subsystems to form and persist. We initialize systems of qubits in mixed, uncorrelated states and evolve them subject to a conservation law. We find that four qubits make up the minimal system for which these restricted dynamics and initial conditions allow an increase in extractable work for a subsystem. On landscapes of eight co-evolving qubits, interacting in randomly selected subsystems at each step, we demonstrate that restricted connectivity and an inhomogeneous distribution of initial temperatures both lead to landscapes with longer intervals of increasing extractable work for individual qubits. We demonstrate the role of correlations that develop on the landscape in enabling a positive change in extractable work.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10297148
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-102971482023-06-28 Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes Akhouri, Unnati Shandera, Sarah Yesmurzayeva, Gaukhar Entropy (Basel) Article An interesting class of physical systems, including those associated with life, demonstrates the ability to hold thermalization at bay and perpetuate states of high free-energy compared to a local environment. In this work we study quantum systems with no external sources or sinks for energy, heat, work, or entropy that allow for high free-energy subsystems to form and persist. We initialize systems of qubits in mixed, uncorrelated states and evolve them subject to a conservation law. We find that four qubits make up the minimal system for which these restricted dynamics and initial conditions allow an increase in extractable work for a subsystem. On landscapes of eight co-evolving qubits, interacting in randomly selected subsystems at each step, we demonstrate that restricted connectivity and an inhomogeneous distribution of initial temperatures both lead to landscapes with longer intervals of increasing extractable work for individual qubits. We demonstrate the role of correlations that develop on the landscape in enabling a positive change in extractable work. MDPI 2023-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10297148/ /pubmed/37372291 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25060947 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Akhouri, Unnati
Shandera, Sarah
Yesmurzayeva, Gaukhar
Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes
title Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes
title_full Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes
title_fullStr Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes
title_full_unstemmed Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes
title_short Increasing Extractable Work in Small Qubit Landscapes
title_sort increasing extractable work in small qubit landscapes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10297148/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37372291
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25060947
work_keys_str_mv AT akhouriunnati increasingextractableworkinsmallqubitlandscapes
AT shanderasarah increasingextractableworkinsmallqubitlandscapes
AT yesmurzayevagaukhar increasingextractableworkinsmallqubitlandscapes