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Quantitative Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia CT Using AI Analysis—Feasibility and Differentiation from Other Common Pneumonia Forms

PURPOSE: To implement the technical feasibility of an AI-based software prototype optimized for the detection of COVID-19 pneumonia in CT datasets of the lung and the differentiation between other etiologies of pneumonia. METHODS: This single-center retrospective case–control-study consecutively yie...

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Autores principales: Ebong, Una, Büttner, Susanne Martina, Schmidt, Stefan A., Flack, Franziska, Korf, Patrick, Peters, Lynn, Grüner, Beate, Stenger, Steffen, Stamminger, Thomas, Kestler, Hans, Beer, Meinrad, Kloth, Christopher
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10297168/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13122129
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author Ebong, Una
Büttner, Susanne Martina
Schmidt, Stefan A.
Flack, Franziska
Korf, Patrick
Peters, Lynn
Grüner, Beate
Stenger, Steffen
Stamminger, Thomas
Kestler, Hans
Beer, Meinrad
Kloth, Christopher
author_facet Ebong, Una
Büttner, Susanne Martina
Schmidt, Stefan A.
Flack, Franziska
Korf, Patrick
Peters, Lynn
Grüner, Beate
Stenger, Steffen
Stamminger, Thomas
Kestler, Hans
Beer, Meinrad
Kloth, Christopher
author_sort Ebong, Una
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: To implement the technical feasibility of an AI-based software prototype optimized for the detection of COVID-19 pneumonia in CT datasets of the lung and the differentiation between other etiologies of pneumonia. METHODS: This single-center retrospective case–control-study consecutively yielded 144 patients (58 female, mean age 57.72 ± 18.25 y) with CT datasets of the lung. Subgroups including confirmed bacterial (n = 24, 16.6%), viral (n = 52, 36.1%), or fungal (n = 25, 16.6%) pneumonia and (n = 43, 30.7%) patients without detected pneumonia (comparison group) were evaluated using the AI-based Pneumonia Analysis prototype. Scoring (extent, etiology) was compared to reader assessment. RESULTS: The software achieved an optimal sensitivity of 80.8% with a specificity of 50% for the detection of COVID-19; however, the human radiologist achieved optimal sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 97.2%. The mean postprocessing time was 7.61 ± 4.22 min. The use of a contrast agent did not influence the results of the software (p = 0.81). The mean evaluated COVID-19 probability is 0.80 ± 0.36 significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than in patients with fungal pneumonia (p < 0.05) and bacterial pneumonia (p < 0.001). The mean percentage of opacity (PO) and percentage of high opacity (PHO ≥ −200 HU) were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than in healthy patients. However, the total mean HU in COVID-19 patients was −679.57 ± 112.72, which is significantly higher than in the healthy control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The detection and quantification of pneumonia beyond the primarily trained COVID-19 datasets is possible and shows comparable results for COVID-19 pneumonia to an experienced reader. The advantages are the fast, automated segmentation and quantification of the pneumonia foci.
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spelling pubmed-102971682023-06-28 Quantitative Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia CT Using AI Analysis—Feasibility and Differentiation from Other Common Pneumonia Forms Ebong, Una Büttner, Susanne Martina Schmidt, Stefan A. Flack, Franziska Korf, Patrick Peters, Lynn Grüner, Beate Stenger, Steffen Stamminger, Thomas Kestler, Hans Beer, Meinrad Kloth, Christopher Diagnostics (Basel) Article PURPOSE: To implement the technical feasibility of an AI-based software prototype optimized for the detection of COVID-19 pneumonia in CT datasets of the lung and the differentiation between other etiologies of pneumonia. METHODS: This single-center retrospective case–control-study consecutively yielded 144 patients (58 female, mean age 57.72 ± 18.25 y) with CT datasets of the lung. Subgroups including confirmed bacterial (n = 24, 16.6%), viral (n = 52, 36.1%), or fungal (n = 25, 16.6%) pneumonia and (n = 43, 30.7%) patients without detected pneumonia (comparison group) were evaluated using the AI-based Pneumonia Analysis prototype. Scoring (extent, etiology) was compared to reader assessment. RESULTS: The software achieved an optimal sensitivity of 80.8% with a specificity of 50% for the detection of COVID-19; however, the human radiologist achieved optimal sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 97.2%. The mean postprocessing time was 7.61 ± 4.22 min. The use of a contrast agent did not influence the results of the software (p = 0.81). The mean evaluated COVID-19 probability is 0.80 ± 0.36 significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than in patients with fungal pneumonia (p < 0.05) and bacterial pneumonia (p < 0.001). The mean percentage of opacity (PO) and percentage of high opacity (PHO ≥ −200 HU) were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than in healthy patients. However, the total mean HU in COVID-19 patients was −679.57 ± 112.72, which is significantly higher than in the healthy control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The detection and quantification of pneumonia beyond the primarily trained COVID-19 datasets is possible and shows comparable results for COVID-19 pneumonia to an experienced reader. The advantages are the fast, automated segmentation and quantification of the pneumonia foci. MDPI 2023-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10297168/ /pubmed/37371024 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13122129 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ebong, Una
Büttner, Susanne Martina
Schmidt, Stefan A.
Flack, Franziska
Korf, Patrick
Peters, Lynn
Grüner, Beate
Stenger, Steffen
Stamminger, Thomas
Kestler, Hans
Beer, Meinrad
Kloth, Christopher
Quantitative Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia CT Using AI Analysis—Feasibility and Differentiation from Other Common Pneumonia Forms
title Quantitative Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia CT Using AI Analysis—Feasibility and Differentiation from Other Common Pneumonia Forms
title_full Quantitative Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia CT Using AI Analysis—Feasibility and Differentiation from Other Common Pneumonia Forms
title_fullStr Quantitative Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia CT Using AI Analysis—Feasibility and Differentiation from Other Common Pneumonia Forms
title_full_unstemmed Quantitative Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia CT Using AI Analysis—Feasibility and Differentiation from Other Common Pneumonia Forms
title_short Quantitative Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia CT Using AI Analysis—Feasibility and Differentiation from Other Common Pneumonia Forms
title_sort quantitative evaluation of covid-19 pneumonia ct using ai analysis—feasibility and differentiation from other common pneumonia forms
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10297168/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13122129
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