Cargando…
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances
Hodgkin lymphoma, a hematological malignancy of lymphoid origin that typically arises from germinal-center B cells, has an excellent overall prognosis. However, the treatment of patients who relapse or develop resistant disease still poses a substantial clinical and research challenge, even though c...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10298672/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37373245 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210095 |
_version_ | 1785064175018442752 |
---|---|
author | Munir, Faryal Hardit, Viney Sheikh, Irtiza N. AlQahtani, Shaikha He, Jiasen Cuglievan, Branko Hosing, Chitra Tewari, Priti Khazal, Sajad |
author_facet | Munir, Faryal Hardit, Viney Sheikh, Irtiza N. AlQahtani, Shaikha He, Jiasen Cuglievan, Branko Hosing, Chitra Tewari, Priti Khazal, Sajad |
author_sort | Munir, Faryal |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hodgkin lymphoma, a hematological malignancy of lymphoid origin that typically arises from germinal-center B cells, has an excellent overall prognosis. However, the treatment of patients who relapse or develop resistant disease still poses a substantial clinical and research challenge, even though current risk-adapted and response-based treatment techniques produce overall survival rates of over 95%. The appearance of late malignancies after the successful cure of primary or relapsed disease continues to be a major concern, mostly because of high survival rates. Particularly in pediatric HL patients, the chance of developing secondary leukemia is manifold compared to that in the general pediatric population, and the prognosis for patients with secondary leukemia is much worse than that for patients with other hematological malignancies. Therefore, it is crucial to develop clinically useful biomarkers to stratify patients according to their risk of late malignancies and determine which require intense treatment regimens to maintain the ideal balance between maximizing survival rates and avoiding late consequences. In this article, we review HL’s epidemiology, risk factors, staging, molecular and genetic biomarkers, and treatments for children and adults, as well as treatment-related adverse events and the late development of secondary malignancies in patients with the disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10298672 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102986722023-06-28 Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances Munir, Faryal Hardit, Viney Sheikh, Irtiza N. AlQahtani, Shaikha He, Jiasen Cuglievan, Branko Hosing, Chitra Tewari, Priti Khazal, Sajad Int J Mol Sci Review Hodgkin lymphoma, a hematological malignancy of lymphoid origin that typically arises from germinal-center B cells, has an excellent overall prognosis. However, the treatment of patients who relapse or develop resistant disease still poses a substantial clinical and research challenge, even though current risk-adapted and response-based treatment techniques produce overall survival rates of over 95%. The appearance of late malignancies after the successful cure of primary or relapsed disease continues to be a major concern, mostly because of high survival rates. Particularly in pediatric HL patients, the chance of developing secondary leukemia is manifold compared to that in the general pediatric population, and the prognosis for patients with secondary leukemia is much worse than that for patients with other hematological malignancies. Therefore, it is crucial to develop clinically useful biomarkers to stratify patients according to their risk of late malignancies and determine which require intense treatment regimens to maintain the ideal balance between maximizing survival rates and avoiding late consequences. In this article, we review HL’s epidemiology, risk factors, staging, molecular and genetic biomarkers, and treatments for children and adults, as well as treatment-related adverse events and the late development of secondary malignancies in patients with the disease. MDPI 2023-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10298672/ /pubmed/37373245 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210095 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Munir, Faryal Hardit, Viney Sheikh, Irtiza N. AlQahtani, Shaikha He, Jiasen Cuglievan, Branko Hosing, Chitra Tewari, Priti Khazal, Sajad Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances |
title | Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances |
title_full | Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances |
title_fullStr | Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances |
title_full_unstemmed | Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances |
title_short | Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances |
title_sort | classical hodgkin lymphoma: from past to future—a comprehensive review of pathophysiology and therapeutic advances |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10298672/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37373245 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210095 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT munirfaryal classicalhodgkinlymphomafrompasttofutureacomprehensivereviewofpathophysiologyandtherapeuticadvances AT harditviney classicalhodgkinlymphomafrompasttofutureacomprehensivereviewofpathophysiologyandtherapeuticadvances AT sheikhirtizan classicalhodgkinlymphomafrompasttofutureacomprehensivereviewofpathophysiologyandtherapeuticadvances AT alqahtanishaikha classicalhodgkinlymphomafrompasttofutureacomprehensivereviewofpathophysiologyandtherapeuticadvances AT hejiasen classicalhodgkinlymphomafrompasttofutureacomprehensivereviewofpathophysiologyandtherapeuticadvances AT cuglievanbranko classicalhodgkinlymphomafrompasttofutureacomprehensivereviewofpathophysiologyandtherapeuticadvances AT hosingchitra classicalhodgkinlymphomafrompasttofutureacomprehensivereviewofpathophysiologyandtherapeuticadvances AT tewaripriti classicalhodgkinlymphomafrompasttofutureacomprehensivereviewofpathophysiologyandtherapeuticadvances AT khazalsajad classicalhodgkinlymphomafrompasttofutureacomprehensivereviewofpathophysiologyandtherapeuticadvances |