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Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances

Hodgkin lymphoma, a hematological malignancy of lymphoid origin that typically arises from germinal-center B cells, has an excellent overall prognosis. However, the treatment of patients who relapse or develop resistant disease still poses a substantial clinical and research challenge, even though c...

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Autores principales: Munir, Faryal, Hardit, Viney, Sheikh, Irtiza N., AlQahtani, Shaikha, He, Jiasen, Cuglievan, Branko, Hosing, Chitra, Tewari, Priti, Khazal, Sajad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10298672/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37373245
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210095
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author Munir, Faryal
Hardit, Viney
Sheikh, Irtiza N.
AlQahtani, Shaikha
He, Jiasen
Cuglievan, Branko
Hosing, Chitra
Tewari, Priti
Khazal, Sajad
author_facet Munir, Faryal
Hardit, Viney
Sheikh, Irtiza N.
AlQahtani, Shaikha
He, Jiasen
Cuglievan, Branko
Hosing, Chitra
Tewari, Priti
Khazal, Sajad
author_sort Munir, Faryal
collection PubMed
description Hodgkin lymphoma, a hematological malignancy of lymphoid origin that typically arises from germinal-center B cells, has an excellent overall prognosis. However, the treatment of patients who relapse or develop resistant disease still poses a substantial clinical and research challenge, even though current risk-adapted and response-based treatment techniques produce overall survival rates of over 95%. The appearance of late malignancies after the successful cure of primary or relapsed disease continues to be a major concern, mostly because of high survival rates. Particularly in pediatric HL patients, the chance of developing secondary leukemia is manifold compared to that in the general pediatric population, and the prognosis for patients with secondary leukemia is much worse than that for patients with other hematological malignancies. Therefore, it is crucial to develop clinically useful biomarkers to stratify patients according to their risk of late malignancies and determine which require intense treatment regimens to maintain the ideal balance between maximizing survival rates and avoiding late consequences. In this article, we review HL’s epidemiology, risk factors, staging, molecular and genetic biomarkers, and treatments for children and adults, as well as treatment-related adverse events and the late development of secondary malignancies in patients with the disease.
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spelling pubmed-102986722023-06-28 Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances Munir, Faryal Hardit, Viney Sheikh, Irtiza N. AlQahtani, Shaikha He, Jiasen Cuglievan, Branko Hosing, Chitra Tewari, Priti Khazal, Sajad Int J Mol Sci Review Hodgkin lymphoma, a hematological malignancy of lymphoid origin that typically arises from germinal-center B cells, has an excellent overall prognosis. However, the treatment of patients who relapse or develop resistant disease still poses a substantial clinical and research challenge, even though current risk-adapted and response-based treatment techniques produce overall survival rates of over 95%. The appearance of late malignancies after the successful cure of primary or relapsed disease continues to be a major concern, mostly because of high survival rates. Particularly in pediatric HL patients, the chance of developing secondary leukemia is manifold compared to that in the general pediatric population, and the prognosis for patients with secondary leukemia is much worse than that for patients with other hematological malignancies. Therefore, it is crucial to develop clinically useful biomarkers to stratify patients according to their risk of late malignancies and determine which require intense treatment regimens to maintain the ideal balance between maximizing survival rates and avoiding late consequences. In this article, we review HL’s epidemiology, risk factors, staging, molecular and genetic biomarkers, and treatments for children and adults, as well as treatment-related adverse events and the late development of secondary malignancies in patients with the disease. MDPI 2023-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10298672/ /pubmed/37373245 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210095 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Munir, Faryal
Hardit, Viney
Sheikh, Irtiza N.
AlQahtani, Shaikha
He, Jiasen
Cuglievan, Branko
Hosing, Chitra
Tewari, Priti
Khazal, Sajad
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances
title Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances
title_full Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances
title_fullStr Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances
title_full_unstemmed Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances
title_short Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances
title_sort classical hodgkin lymphoma: from past to future—a comprehensive review of pathophysiology and therapeutic advances
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10298672/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37373245
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210095
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