Cyclic AMP but Not Calmodulin as a Potential Wasoconstrictor in Simulated Reperfusion

The phenomena of ischemia and reperfusion are associated with the pathological background of cardiovascular diseases. Ischemia is initiated by ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), which involves disruption of intracellular signaling pathways and causes cell death. The aim of this study was to assess the reactivity of vascular smooth muscle cells in the conditions of induced ischemia and reperfusion, and to determine the mechanisms leading to contractility disorders. This study was conducted using classical pharmacometric methods on an isolated model of the rat caudal artery. The experiment consisted of the analysis of the final and initial perfusate pressure measurements after induction of arterial contraction with phenylephrine in the presence of forskolin and A7 hydrochloride, two ligands modifying the contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The pharmacometric analysis showed that in simulated reperfusion, cyclic nucleotides have a vasoconstrictive effect, and calmodulin has a vasodilating effect. The responsiveness of vascular smooth muscle cells to the vasopressor effects of α1-adrenomimetics during reperfusion may change uncontrollably, and the effects of secondary messengers may be counter physiological. Further studies are needed to evaluate the function of other second messengers on VSMCs in the process of ischemia and reperfusion.