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The Link between Diabetes, Pancreatic Tumors, and miRNAs—New Players for Diagnosis and Therapy?

Despite significant progress in medicine, pancreatic cancer is one of the most tardily diagnosed cancer and is consequently associated with a poor prognosis and a low survival rate. The asymptomatic clinical picture and the lack of relevant diagnostic markers for the early stages of pancreatic cance...

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Autores principales: Kozłowska, Małgorzata, Śliwińska, Agnieszka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10299694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37373398
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210252
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author Kozłowska, Małgorzata
Śliwińska, Agnieszka
author_facet Kozłowska, Małgorzata
Śliwińska, Agnieszka
author_sort Kozłowska, Małgorzata
collection PubMed
description Despite significant progress in medicine, pancreatic cancer is one of the most tardily diagnosed cancer and is consequently associated with a poor prognosis and a low survival rate. The asymptomatic clinical picture and the lack of relevant diagnostic markers for the early stages of pancreatic cancer are believed to be the major constraints behind an accurate diagnosis of this disease. Furthermore, underlying mechanisms of pancreatic cancer development are still poorly recognized. It is well accepted that diabetes increases the risk of pancreatic cancer development, however the precise mechanisms are weakly investigated. Recent studies are focused on microRNAs as a causative factor of pancreatic cancer. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of pancreatic cancer and diabetes-associated microRNAs, and their potential in diagnosis and therapy. miR-96, miR-124, miR-21, and miR-10a were identified as promising biomarkers for early pancreatic cancer prediction. miR-26a, miR-101, and miR-200b carry therapeutic potential, as they not only regulate significant biological pathways, including the TGF-β and PI3K/AKT, but their re-expression contributes to the improvement of the prognosis by reducing invasiveness or chemoresistance. In diabetes, there are also changes in the expression of microRNAs, such as in miR-145, miR-29c, and miR-143. These microRNAs are involved, among others, in insulin signaling, including IRS-1 and AKT (miR-145), glucose homeostasis (hsa-miR-21), and glucose reuptake and gluconeogenesis (miR-29c). Although, changes in the expression of the same microRNAs are observed in both pancreatic cancer and diabetes, they exert different molecular effects. For example, miR-181a is upregulated in both pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus, but in diabetes it contributes to insulin resistance, whereas in pancreatic cancer it promotes tumor cell migration, respectively. To conclude, dysregulated microRNAs in diabetes affect crucial cellular processes that are involved in pancreatic cancer development and progression.
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spelling pubmed-102996942023-06-28 The Link between Diabetes, Pancreatic Tumors, and miRNAs—New Players for Diagnosis and Therapy? Kozłowska, Małgorzata Śliwińska, Agnieszka Int J Mol Sci Review Despite significant progress in medicine, pancreatic cancer is one of the most tardily diagnosed cancer and is consequently associated with a poor prognosis and a low survival rate. The asymptomatic clinical picture and the lack of relevant diagnostic markers for the early stages of pancreatic cancer are believed to be the major constraints behind an accurate diagnosis of this disease. Furthermore, underlying mechanisms of pancreatic cancer development are still poorly recognized. It is well accepted that diabetes increases the risk of pancreatic cancer development, however the precise mechanisms are weakly investigated. Recent studies are focused on microRNAs as a causative factor of pancreatic cancer. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of pancreatic cancer and diabetes-associated microRNAs, and their potential in diagnosis and therapy. miR-96, miR-124, miR-21, and miR-10a were identified as promising biomarkers for early pancreatic cancer prediction. miR-26a, miR-101, and miR-200b carry therapeutic potential, as they not only regulate significant biological pathways, including the TGF-β and PI3K/AKT, but their re-expression contributes to the improvement of the prognosis by reducing invasiveness or chemoresistance. In diabetes, there are also changes in the expression of microRNAs, such as in miR-145, miR-29c, and miR-143. These microRNAs are involved, among others, in insulin signaling, including IRS-1 and AKT (miR-145), glucose homeostasis (hsa-miR-21), and glucose reuptake and gluconeogenesis (miR-29c). Although, changes in the expression of the same microRNAs are observed in both pancreatic cancer and diabetes, they exert different molecular effects. For example, miR-181a is upregulated in both pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus, but in diabetes it contributes to insulin resistance, whereas in pancreatic cancer it promotes tumor cell migration, respectively. To conclude, dysregulated microRNAs in diabetes affect crucial cellular processes that are involved in pancreatic cancer development and progression. MDPI 2023-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10299694/ /pubmed/37373398 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210252 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kozłowska, Małgorzata
Śliwińska, Agnieszka
The Link between Diabetes, Pancreatic Tumors, and miRNAs—New Players for Diagnosis and Therapy?
title The Link between Diabetes, Pancreatic Tumors, and miRNAs—New Players for Diagnosis and Therapy?
title_full The Link between Diabetes, Pancreatic Tumors, and miRNAs—New Players for Diagnosis and Therapy?
title_fullStr The Link between Diabetes, Pancreatic Tumors, and miRNAs—New Players for Diagnosis and Therapy?
title_full_unstemmed The Link between Diabetes, Pancreatic Tumors, and miRNAs—New Players for Diagnosis and Therapy?
title_short The Link between Diabetes, Pancreatic Tumors, and miRNAs—New Players for Diagnosis and Therapy?
title_sort link between diabetes, pancreatic tumors, and mirnas—new players for diagnosis and therapy?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10299694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37373398
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210252
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