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The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective
It is widely accepted that nine hallmarks—including mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, and loss of proteostasis—exist that describe the cellular aging process. Adding to this, a well-described cell organelle in the metabolic context, namely, lipid droplets, also accumulates with incr...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10301655/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371492 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13060912 |
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author | Bresgen, Nikolaus Kovacs, Melanie Lahnsteiner, Angelika Felder, Thomas Klaus Rinnerthaler, Mark |
author_facet | Bresgen, Nikolaus Kovacs, Melanie Lahnsteiner, Angelika Felder, Thomas Klaus Rinnerthaler, Mark |
author_sort | Bresgen, Nikolaus |
collection | PubMed |
description | It is widely accepted that nine hallmarks—including mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, and loss of proteostasis—exist that describe the cellular aging process. Adding to this, a well-described cell organelle in the metabolic context, namely, lipid droplets, also accumulates with increasing age, which can be regarded as a further aging-associated process. Independently of their essential role as fat stores, lipid droplets are also able to control cell integrity by mitigating lipotoxic and proteotoxic insults. As we will show in this review, numerous longevity interventions (such as mTOR inhibition) also lead to strong accumulation of lipid droplets in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and mammalian cells, just to name a few examples. In mammals, due to the variety of different cell types and tissues, the role of lipid droplets during the aging process is much more complex. Using selected diseases associated with aging, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, we show that lipid droplets are “Janus”-faced. In an early phase of the disease, lipid droplets mitigate the toxicity of lipid peroxidation and protein aggregates, but in a later phase of the disease, a strong accumulation of lipid droplets can cause problems for cells and tissues. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10301655 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103016552023-06-29 The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective Bresgen, Nikolaus Kovacs, Melanie Lahnsteiner, Angelika Felder, Thomas Klaus Rinnerthaler, Mark Biomolecules Review It is widely accepted that nine hallmarks—including mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, and loss of proteostasis—exist that describe the cellular aging process. Adding to this, a well-described cell organelle in the metabolic context, namely, lipid droplets, also accumulates with increasing age, which can be regarded as a further aging-associated process. Independently of their essential role as fat stores, lipid droplets are also able to control cell integrity by mitigating lipotoxic and proteotoxic insults. As we will show in this review, numerous longevity interventions (such as mTOR inhibition) also lead to strong accumulation of lipid droplets in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and mammalian cells, just to name a few examples. In mammals, due to the variety of different cell types and tissues, the role of lipid droplets during the aging process is much more complex. Using selected diseases associated with aging, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, we show that lipid droplets are “Janus”-faced. In an early phase of the disease, lipid droplets mitigate the toxicity of lipid peroxidation and protein aggregates, but in a later phase of the disease, a strong accumulation of lipid droplets can cause problems for cells and tissues. MDPI 2023-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10301655/ /pubmed/37371492 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13060912 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Bresgen, Nikolaus Kovacs, Melanie Lahnsteiner, Angelika Felder, Thomas Klaus Rinnerthaler, Mark The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective |
title | The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective |
title_full | The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective |
title_fullStr | The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective |
title_full_unstemmed | The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective |
title_short | The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective |
title_sort | janus-faced role of lipid droplets in aging: insights from the cellular perspective |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10301655/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37371492 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13060912 |
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