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Early Sowing on Some Soybean Genotypes under Organic Farming Conditions

The demand for soybeans in Europe motivates breeders, researchers, and growers to find suitable cultivars to adapt and extend the soybean crop to improper climate areas. Weed control is a crucial aspect of crop technology in organic agriculture, but particularly for soybean crops. In laboratory cond...

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Autores principales: Petcu, Victor, Bărbieru, Ancuța, Popa, Mihaela, Lazăr, Cătălin, Ciornei, Laurențiu, Străteanu, Amalia Gianina, Todirică, Ioana Claudia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10302267/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37375920
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12122295
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author Petcu, Victor
Bărbieru, Ancuța
Popa, Mihaela
Lazăr, Cătălin
Ciornei, Laurențiu
Străteanu, Amalia Gianina
Todirică, Ioana Claudia
author_facet Petcu, Victor
Bărbieru, Ancuța
Popa, Mihaela
Lazăr, Cătălin
Ciornei, Laurențiu
Străteanu, Amalia Gianina
Todirică, Ioana Claudia
author_sort Petcu, Victor
collection PubMed
description The demand for soybeans in Europe motivates breeders, researchers, and growers to find suitable cultivars to adapt and extend the soybean crop to improper climate areas. Weed control is a crucial aspect of crop technology in organic agriculture, but particularly for soybean crops. In laboratory conditions, the cumulative stress index for seedlings was determined to identify the susceptible cultivars. A field experiment with 14 soybean accessions and 2 sowing dates was conducted under organic farming conditions over the course of three years, from 2020 to 2022. Plant population density was found to be significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.1) negatively correlated to the degree of resistance to low temperature as well as infestation degree with weeds (for p < 0.05 and p < 0.1), with the exception of early sowing in 2021. Yield was significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.1) correlated with plant population density, with the exception of optimal sowing in 2022. Early sowing variants emerged with vigor in the first two years, breeding lines and registered varieties showed low input, and organic agriculture systems showed low yields in the drought years of 2020 and 2022. Although early sowing even in the first two years proved to be a practice that increased the cultivars’ performance, in 2022, due to the long period of chilling stress in the field, this option had negative effects on yield due to the high weed frequency. Therefore, the early sowing strategy for the soybean crop in this particular case of non-irrigated conditions in a temperate continental area proved to be a risky practice.
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spelling pubmed-103022672023-06-29 Early Sowing on Some Soybean Genotypes under Organic Farming Conditions Petcu, Victor Bărbieru, Ancuța Popa, Mihaela Lazăr, Cătălin Ciornei, Laurențiu Străteanu, Amalia Gianina Todirică, Ioana Claudia Plants (Basel) Article The demand for soybeans in Europe motivates breeders, researchers, and growers to find suitable cultivars to adapt and extend the soybean crop to improper climate areas. Weed control is a crucial aspect of crop technology in organic agriculture, but particularly for soybean crops. In laboratory conditions, the cumulative stress index for seedlings was determined to identify the susceptible cultivars. A field experiment with 14 soybean accessions and 2 sowing dates was conducted under organic farming conditions over the course of three years, from 2020 to 2022. Plant population density was found to be significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.1) negatively correlated to the degree of resistance to low temperature as well as infestation degree with weeds (for p < 0.05 and p < 0.1), with the exception of early sowing in 2021. Yield was significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.1) correlated with plant population density, with the exception of optimal sowing in 2022. Early sowing variants emerged with vigor in the first two years, breeding lines and registered varieties showed low input, and organic agriculture systems showed low yields in the drought years of 2020 and 2022. Although early sowing even in the first two years proved to be a practice that increased the cultivars’ performance, in 2022, due to the long period of chilling stress in the field, this option had negative effects on yield due to the high weed frequency. Therefore, the early sowing strategy for the soybean crop in this particular case of non-irrigated conditions in a temperate continental area proved to be a risky practice. MDPI 2023-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10302267/ /pubmed/37375920 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12122295 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Petcu, Victor
Bărbieru, Ancuța
Popa, Mihaela
Lazăr, Cătălin
Ciornei, Laurențiu
Străteanu, Amalia Gianina
Todirică, Ioana Claudia
Early Sowing on Some Soybean Genotypes under Organic Farming Conditions
title Early Sowing on Some Soybean Genotypes under Organic Farming Conditions
title_full Early Sowing on Some Soybean Genotypes under Organic Farming Conditions
title_fullStr Early Sowing on Some Soybean Genotypes under Organic Farming Conditions
title_full_unstemmed Early Sowing on Some Soybean Genotypes under Organic Farming Conditions
title_short Early Sowing on Some Soybean Genotypes under Organic Farming Conditions
title_sort early sowing on some soybean genotypes under organic farming conditions
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10302267/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37375920
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12122295
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