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Clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal

Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) is among the more common types of lymphoma accounting for up to 8% of newly diagnosed lymphoma cases. As opposed to other B-cell lymphomas, however, no predominant genetic hallmark has been defined in M...

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Autores principales: Raderer, Markus, Kiesewetter, Barbara, Du, Ming-Qing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10302523/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37389189
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17588359231183565
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author Raderer, Markus
Kiesewetter, Barbara
Du, Ming-Qing
author_facet Raderer, Markus
Kiesewetter, Barbara
Du, Ming-Qing
author_sort Raderer, Markus
collection PubMed
description Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) is among the more common types of lymphoma accounting for up to 8% of newly diagnosed lymphoma cases. As opposed to other B-cell lymphomas, however, no predominant genetic hallmark has been defined in MALT lymphoma, but different localizations appear to be affected by different, sometimes distinct changes. Nonetheless, a high proportion of these genetic changes reported in MALT lymphomas dysregulate the pathways leading to NF-kB activation. t(11;18)(q21;q21)/BIRC3::MALT1 appears to be MALT lymphoma specific and is found in 24% of gastric and 40% of pulmonary MALT lymphomas. The translocation is associated with more disseminated disease in gastric MALT lymphoma and is found in a large percentage of patients whose lymphoma is unresponsive to antibiotic eradication of Helicobacter pylori. In addition to t(11;18)(q21;q21), nuclear expression of BCL10 or NF-kB appears to be highly associated with lymphoma cell survival independence of H. pylori-mediated stimulations. Antibiotic eradication, however, is the recommended therapy of choice irrespective of genetic findings, and molecular analysis is not required before initiation of therapy. The influence of genetic translocations including t(11;18)(q21;q21) on systemic therapies, however, is less clearly defined. While small series have shown no influence on the outcome for treatment with the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (R) or treatment with cladribine (2-CdA), conflicting data have been reported for alkylating agents, especially chlorambucil and the combination of R + chlorambucil. None of other genetic changes seen in MALT lymphoma to date has discernible value in routine clinical applications, but recent data suggest that changes in TNFAIP3(A20), KMTD2 and CARD11 might be associated with response to Bruton kinase inhibitors.
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spelling pubmed-103025232023-06-29 Clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal Raderer, Markus Kiesewetter, Barbara Du, Ming-Qing Ther Adv Med Oncol Review Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) is among the more common types of lymphoma accounting for up to 8% of newly diagnosed lymphoma cases. As opposed to other B-cell lymphomas, however, no predominant genetic hallmark has been defined in MALT lymphoma, but different localizations appear to be affected by different, sometimes distinct changes. Nonetheless, a high proportion of these genetic changes reported in MALT lymphomas dysregulate the pathways leading to NF-kB activation. t(11;18)(q21;q21)/BIRC3::MALT1 appears to be MALT lymphoma specific and is found in 24% of gastric and 40% of pulmonary MALT lymphomas. The translocation is associated with more disseminated disease in gastric MALT lymphoma and is found in a large percentage of patients whose lymphoma is unresponsive to antibiotic eradication of Helicobacter pylori. In addition to t(11;18)(q21;q21), nuclear expression of BCL10 or NF-kB appears to be highly associated with lymphoma cell survival independence of H. pylori-mediated stimulations. Antibiotic eradication, however, is the recommended therapy of choice irrespective of genetic findings, and molecular analysis is not required before initiation of therapy. The influence of genetic translocations including t(11;18)(q21;q21) on systemic therapies, however, is less clearly defined. While small series have shown no influence on the outcome for treatment with the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (R) or treatment with cladribine (2-CdA), conflicting data have been reported for alkylating agents, especially chlorambucil and the combination of R + chlorambucil. None of other genetic changes seen in MALT lymphoma to date has discernible value in routine clinical applications, but recent data suggest that changes in TNFAIP3(A20), KMTD2 and CARD11 might be associated with response to Bruton kinase inhibitors. SAGE Publications 2023-06-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10302523/ /pubmed/37389189 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17588359231183565 Text en © The Author(s), 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Review
Raderer, Markus
Kiesewetter, Barbara
Du, Ming-Qing
Clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal
title Clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal
title_full Clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal
title_fullStr Clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal
title_full_unstemmed Clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal
title_short Clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal
title_sort clinical relevance of molecular aspects in extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: a critical appraisal
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10302523/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37389189
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17588359231183565
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