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Graphene–Cu Nanocomposites Induce Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum, Increase Antioxidant Activity, and Decrease Stress in Tomato Plants

The tomato crop is susceptible to various types of stress, both biotic and abiotic, which affect the morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and genetic regulation of plants. Among the biotic factors, is the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), which can cause losses of up to 100...

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Autores principales: Cota-Ungson, Diana, González-García, Yolanda, Cadenas-Pliego, Gregorio, Alpuche-Solís, Ángel Gabriel, Benavides-Mendoza, Adalberto, Juárez-Maldonado, Antonio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10302720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37375895
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12122270
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author Cota-Ungson, Diana
González-García, Yolanda
Cadenas-Pliego, Gregorio
Alpuche-Solís, Ángel Gabriel
Benavides-Mendoza, Adalberto
Juárez-Maldonado, Antonio
author_facet Cota-Ungson, Diana
González-García, Yolanda
Cadenas-Pliego, Gregorio
Alpuche-Solís, Ángel Gabriel
Benavides-Mendoza, Adalberto
Juárez-Maldonado, Antonio
author_sort Cota-Ungson, Diana
collection PubMed
description The tomato crop is susceptible to various types of stress, both biotic and abiotic, which affect the morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and genetic regulation of plants. Among the biotic factors, is the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), which can cause losses of up to 100%. Graphene–Cu nanocomposites have emerged as a potential alternative for pathogen control, thanks to their antimicrobial activity and their ability to induce the activation of the antioxidant defense system in plants. In the present study, the effect of the Graphene–Cu nanocomposites and the functionalization of graphene in the tomato crop inoculated with Fol was evaluated, analyzing their impacts on the antioxidant defense system, the foliar water potential (Ψ(h)), and the efficiency of photosystem II (PSII). The results demonstrated multiple positive effects; in particular, the Graphene–Cu nanocomposite managed to delay the incidence of the “vascular wilt” disease and reduce the severity by 29.0%. This translated into an increase in the content of photosynthetic pigments and an increase in fruit production compared with Fol. In addition, the antioxidant system of the plants was improved, increasing the content of glutathione, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, and the activity of the GPX, PAL, and CAT enzymes. Regarding the impact on the water potential and the efficiency of the PSII, the plants inoculated with Fol and treated with the Graphene–Cu nanocomposite responded better to biotic stress compared with Fol, reducing water potential by up to 31.7% and Fv/Fm levels by 32.0%.
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spelling pubmed-103027202023-06-29 Graphene–Cu Nanocomposites Induce Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum, Increase Antioxidant Activity, and Decrease Stress in Tomato Plants Cota-Ungson, Diana González-García, Yolanda Cadenas-Pliego, Gregorio Alpuche-Solís, Ángel Gabriel Benavides-Mendoza, Adalberto Juárez-Maldonado, Antonio Plants (Basel) Article The tomato crop is susceptible to various types of stress, both biotic and abiotic, which affect the morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and genetic regulation of plants. Among the biotic factors, is the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), which can cause losses of up to 100%. Graphene–Cu nanocomposites have emerged as a potential alternative for pathogen control, thanks to their antimicrobial activity and their ability to induce the activation of the antioxidant defense system in plants. In the present study, the effect of the Graphene–Cu nanocomposites and the functionalization of graphene in the tomato crop inoculated with Fol was evaluated, analyzing their impacts on the antioxidant defense system, the foliar water potential (Ψ(h)), and the efficiency of photosystem II (PSII). The results demonstrated multiple positive effects; in particular, the Graphene–Cu nanocomposite managed to delay the incidence of the “vascular wilt” disease and reduce the severity by 29.0%. This translated into an increase in the content of photosynthetic pigments and an increase in fruit production compared with Fol. In addition, the antioxidant system of the plants was improved, increasing the content of glutathione, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, and the activity of the GPX, PAL, and CAT enzymes. Regarding the impact on the water potential and the efficiency of the PSII, the plants inoculated with Fol and treated with the Graphene–Cu nanocomposite responded better to biotic stress compared with Fol, reducing water potential by up to 31.7% and Fv/Fm levels by 32.0%. MDPI 2023-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10302720/ /pubmed/37375895 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12122270 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cota-Ungson, Diana
González-García, Yolanda
Cadenas-Pliego, Gregorio
Alpuche-Solís, Ángel Gabriel
Benavides-Mendoza, Adalberto
Juárez-Maldonado, Antonio
Graphene–Cu Nanocomposites Induce Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum, Increase Antioxidant Activity, and Decrease Stress in Tomato Plants
title Graphene–Cu Nanocomposites Induce Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum, Increase Antioxidant Activity, and Decrease Stress in Tomato Plants
title_full Graphene–Cu Nanocomposites Induce Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum, Increase Antioxidant Activity, and Decrease Stress in Tomato Plants
title_fullStr Graphene–Cu Nanocomposites Induce Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum, Increase Antioxidant Activity, and Decrease Stress in Tomato Plants
title_full_unstemmed Graphene–Cu Nanocomposites Induce Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum, Increase Antioxidant Activity, and Decrease Stress in Tomato Plants
title_short Graphene–Cu Nanocomposites Induce Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum, Increase Antioxidant Activity, and Decrease Stress in Tomato Plants
title_sort graphene–cu nanocomposites induce tolerance against fusarium oxysporum, increase antioxidant activity, and decrease stress in tomato plants
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10302720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37375895
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12122270
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