Cargando…

New Pieces for an Old Puzzle: Approaching Parkinson’s Disease from Translatable Animal Models, Gut Microbiota Modulation, and Lipidomics

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease characterized by disabling motor alterations that are diagnosed at a relatively late stage in its development, and non-motor symptoms, including those affecting the gastrointestinal tract (mainly constipation), which start much earlier t...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ortega Moreno, Lorena, Bagues, Ana, Martínez, Vicente, Abalo, Raquel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10302771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37375679
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15122775
_version_ 1785065122152054784
author Ortega Moreno, Lorena
Bagues, Ana
Martínez, Vicente
Abalo, Raquel
author_facet Ortega Moreno, Lorena
Bagues, Ana
Martínez, Vicente
Abalo, Raquel
author_sort Ortega Moreno, Lorena
collection PubMed
description Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease characterized by disabling motor alterations that are diagnosed at a relatively late stage in its development, and non-motor symptoms, including those affecting the gastrointestinal tract (mainly constipation), which start much earlier than the motor symptoms. Remarkably, current treatments only reduce motor symptoms, not without important drawbacks (relatively low efficiency and impactful side effects). Thus, new approaches are needed to halt PD progression and, possibly, to prevent its development, including new therapeutic strategies that target PD etiopathogeny and new biomarkers. Our aim was to review some of these new approaches. Although PD is complex and heterogeneous, compelling evidence suggests it might have a gastrointestinal origin, at least in a significant number of patients, and findings in recently developed animal models strongly support this hypothesis. Furthermore, the modulation of the gut microbiome, mainly through probiotics, is being tested to improve motor and non-motor symptoms and even to prevent PD. Finally, lipidomics has emerged as a useful tool to identify lipid biomarkers that may help analyze PD progression and treatment efficacy in a personalized manner, although, as of today, it has only scarcely been applied to monitor gut motility, dysbiosis, and probiotic effects in PD. Altogether, these new pieces should be helpful in solving the old puzzle of PD.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10302771
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-103027712023-06-29 New Pieces for an Old Puzzle: Approaching Parkinson’s Disease from Translatable Animal Models, Gut Microbiota Modulation, and Lipidomics Ortega Moreno, Lorena Bagues, Ana Martínez, Vicente Abalo, Raquel Nutrients Review Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease characterized by disabling motor alterations that are diagnosed at a relatively late stage in its development, and non-motor symptoms, including those affecting the gastrointestinal tract (mainly constipation), which start much earlier than the motor symptoms. Remarkably, current treatments only reduce motor symptoms, not without important drawbacks (relatively low efficiency and impactful side effects). Thus, new approaches are needed to halt PD progression and, possibly, to prevent its development, including new therapeutic strategies that target PD etiopathogeny and new biomarkers. Our aim was to review some of these new approaches. Although PD is complex and heterogeneous, compelling evidence suggests it might have a gastrointestinal origin, at least in a significant number of patients, and findings in recently developed animal models strongly support this hypothesis. Furthermore, the modulation of the gut microbiome, mainly through probiotics, is being tested to improve motor and non-motor symptoms and even to prevent PD. Finally, lipidomics has emerged as a useful tool to identify lipid biomarkers that may help analyze PD progression and treatment efficacy in a personalized manner, although, as of today, it has only scarcely been applied to monitor gut motility, dysbiosis, and probiotic effects in PD. Altogether, these new pieces should be helpful in solving the old puzzle of PD. MDPI 2023-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10302771/ /pubmed/37375679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15122775 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ortega Moreno, Lorena
Bagues, Ana
Martínez, Vicente
Abalo, Raquel
New Pieces for an Old Puzzle: Approaching Parkinson’s Disease from Translatable Animal Models, Gut Microbiota Modulation, and Lipidomics
title New Pieces for an Old Puzzle: Approaching Parkinson’s Disease from Translatable Animal Models, Gut Microbiota Modulation, and Lipidomics
title_full New Pieces for an Old Puzzle: Approaching Parkinson’s Disease from Translatable Animal Models, Gut Microbiota Modulation, and Lipidomics
title_fullStr New Pieces for an Old Puzzle: Approaching Parkinson’s Disease from Translatable Animal Models, Gut Microbiota Modulation, and Lipidomics
title_full_unstemmed New Pieces for an Old Puzzle: Approaching Parkinson’s Disease from Translatable Animal Models, Gut Microbiota Modulation, and Lipidomics
title_short New Pieces for an Old Puzzle: Approaching Parkinson’s Disease from Translatable Animal Models, Gut Microbiota Modulation, and Lipidomics
title_sort new pieces for an old puzzle: approaching parkinson’s disease from translatable animal models, gut microbiota modulation, and lipidomics
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10302771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37375679
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15122775
work_keys_str_mv AT ortegamorenolorena newpiecesforanoldpuzzleapproachingparkinsonsdiseasefromtranslatableanimalmodelsgutmicrobiotamodulationandlipidomics
AT baguesana newpiecesforanoldpuzzleapproachingparkinsonsdiseasefromtranslatableanimalmodelsgutmicrobiotamodulationandlipidomics
AT martinezvicente newpiecesforanoldpuzzleapproachingparkinsonsdiseasefromtranslatableanimalmodelsgutmicrobiotamodulationandlipidomics
AT abaloraquel newpiecesforanoldpuzzleapproachingparkinsonsdiseasefromtranslatableanimalmodelsgutmicrobiotamodulationandlipidomics