Chest wall osteochondroma resection with biologic acellular bovine dermal mesh reconstruction in pediatric hereditary multiple exostoses: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND: Hereditary multiple exostoses is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the growth of multiple osteochondromas affecting primarily long bones. Chest wall lesions may represent a challenge, particularly in pediatric patients. Pain is a common manifestation. However, life-threatening complications can result from direct involvement of adjacent structures. Surgical resection with appropriate reconstruction is often required. CASE SUMMARY: A 5-year-old male who was diagnosed with hereditary multiple exostoses presented with significant pain from a large growing chest wall exostosis lesion. After appropriate preoperative investigations, he underwent surgical resection with reconstruction of his chest wall using a biologic bovine dermal matrix mesh. CONCLUSION: Resection of chest wall lesions in children represents a challenge. Preoperative planning to determine the appropriate reconstruction strategy is essential.