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TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanofillers
To design a new system of novel TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs)/graphene oxide (GO) composite, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation was utilized. For the better dispersion of GO into the matrix of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), a unique process combi...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10303633/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37376292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15122646 |
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author | Kim, Yoojin Kim, Young-Teck Wang, Xiyu Min, Byungjin Park, Su-il |
author_facet | Kim, Yoojin Kim, Young-Teck Wang, Xiyu Min, Byungjin Park, Su-il |
author_sort | Kim, Yoojin |
collection | PubMed |
description | To design a new system of novel TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs)/graphene oxide (GO) composite, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation was utilized. For the better dispersion of GO into the matrix of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), a unique process combining high-intensity homogenization and ultrasonication was adopted with varying degrees of oxidation and GO percent loadings (0.4 to 2.0 wt%). Despite the presence of carboxylate groups and GO, the X-ray diffraction test showed that the crystallinity of the bio-nanocomposite was not altered. In contrast, scanning electron microscopy showed a significant morphological difference in their layers. The thermal stability of the TOCN/GO composite shifted to a lower temperature upon oxidation, and dynamic mechanical analysis signified strong intermolecular interactions with the improvement in Young’s storage modulus and tensile strength. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to observe the hydrogen bonds between GO and the cellulosic polymer matrix. The oxygen permeability of the TOCN/GO composite decreased, while the water vapor permeability was not significantly affected by the reinforcement with GO. Still, oxidation enhanced the barrier properties. Ultimately, the newly fabricated TOCN/GO composite through high-intensity homogenization and ultrasonification can be utilized in a wide range of life science applications, such as the biomaterial, food, packaging, and medical industries. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10303633 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103036332023-06-29 TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanofillers Kim, Yoojin Kim, Young-Teck Wang, Xiyu Min, Byungjin Park, Su-il Polymers (Basel) Article To design a new system of novel TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs)/graphene oxide (GO) composite, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation was utilized. For the better dispersion of GO into the matrix of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), a unique process combining high-intensity homogenization and ultrasonication was adopted with varying degrees of oxidation and GO percent loadings (0.4 to 2.0 wt%). Despite the presence of carboxylate groups and GO, the X-ray diffraction test showed that the crystallinity of the bio-nanocomposite was not altered. In contrast, scanning electron microscopy showed a significant morphological difference in their layers. The thermal stability of the TOCN/GO composite shifted to a lower temperature upon oxidation, and dynamic mechanical analysis signified strong intermolecular interactions with the improvement in Young’s storage modulus and tensile strength. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to observe the hydrogen bonds between GO and the cellulosic polymer matrix. The oxygen permeability of the TOCN/GO composite decreased, while the water vapor permeability was not significantly affected by the reinforcement with GO. Still, oxidation enhanced the barrier properties. Ultimately, the newly fabricated TOCN/GO composite through high-intensity homogenization and ultrasonification can be utilized in a wide range of life science applications, such as the biomaterial, food, packaging, and medical industries. MDPI 2023-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10303633/ /pubmed/37376292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15122646 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kim, Yoojin Kim, Young-Teck Wang, Xiyu Min, Byungjin Park, Su-il TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanofillers |
title | TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanofillers |
title_full | TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanofillers |
title_fullStr | TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanofillers |
title_full_unstemmed | TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanofillers |
title_short | TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanofillers |
title_sort | tempo-oxidized cellulose nanofibril films incorporating graphene oxide nanofillers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10303633/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37376292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15122646 |
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