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Impact of traveling on transmission trends of human monkeypox disease: worldwide data based observational analysis

BACKGROUND: Human monkeypox is an emerging viral zoonotic disease caused by a monkeypox virus (MPXV). This year since early May 2022, the virus swiftly spread involved 94 countries, and 41,358 people, and has developed a highly challenging and threatening situation worldwide. This study aimed to inv...

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Autores principales: Meo, Sultan Ayoub, Al-Khlaiwi, Thamir, Al Jassir, Fawzi Fahad, Meo, Anusha Sultan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10303924/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37388159
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1029215
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author Meo, Sultan Ayoub
Al-Khlaiwi, Thamir
Al Jassir, Fawzi Fahad
Meo, Anusha Sultan
author_facet Meo, Sultan Ayoub
Al-Khlaiwi, Thamir
Al Jassir, Fawzi Fahad
Meo, Anusha Sultan
author_sort Meo, Sultan Ayoub
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Human monkeypox is an emerging viral zoonotic disease caused by a monkeypox virus (MPXV). This year since early May 2022, the virus swiftly spread involved 94 countries, and 41,358 people, and has developed a highly challenging and threatening situation worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the impact of traveling on the transmission of human monkeypox disease and comprehend the link between monkeypox exported cases in the context of the global outbreak. METHODS: In this study, we identified data from two leading health organizations, the World Health Organization (WHO), and the Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC), as well as 40 documents that were identified through the search engines Web of Science, Pub-Med, Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the keywords “monkeypox,” “human monkeypox,” “imported”’, “exportation” “travelers,” and “prevalence.” Finally, two international organizations WHO, and CDC, and out of 40 documents, 10 (25.0%) were included in the analysis, and the remaining 30 (75.0%) documents were excluded. The studies originated from the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Singapore, Israel, the Republic of Korea, Taiwan, and India. The data on transmission trends and human monkeypox was recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: The epidemiological data for exported monkeypox cases were analyzed jointly for understanding the transmission trends of exportations and the geographic context of the monkeypox outbreak. Ten people had a travel history, six had a travel history from Nigeria to the United Kingdom (2), Nigeria to the United States of America (2), Nigeria to Singapore (1) and Nigeria to Israel (1). Moreover, from Germany to Taiwan (1), Germany to the Republic of Korea (1) and the United Arab Emirates to India (2). Among these 10 people, all travelers were male (100%), with age ranges of 20–38 years, seven people (70%) developed clinical symptoms before the start of travel, three people (30%) developed symptoms 2–6 days after the travel, and one person (10%) developed clinical symptoms in the flight during the journey. CONCLUSION: The study findings conclude that traveling can cause the spread of human monkeypox disease in various countries. The findings support the hypothesis that virus sources can travel and spread the disease from person to person and from region to region. The international health authorities must implement global preventive policies to control the burden of the disease both at regional and international levels.
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spelling pubmed-103039242023-06-29 Impact of traveling on transmission trends of human monkeypox disease: worldwide data based observational analysis Meo, Sultan Ayoub Al-Khlaiwi, Thamir Al Jassir, Fawzi Fahad Meo, Anusha Sultan Front Public Health Public Health BACKGROUND: Human monkeypox is an emerging viral zoonotic disease caused by a monkeypox virus (MPXV). This year since early May 2022, the virus swiftly spread involved 94 countries, and 41,358 people, and has developed a highly challenging and threatening situation worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the impact of traveling on the transmission of human monkeypox disease and comprehend the link between monkeypox exported cases in the context of the global outbreak. METHODS: In this study, we identified data from two leading health organizations, the World Health Organization (WHO), and the Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC), as well as 40 documents that were identified through the search engines Web of Science, Pub-Med, Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the keywords “monkeypox,” “human monkeypox,” “imported”’, “exportation” “travelers,” and “prevalence.” Finally, two international organizations WHO, and CDC, and out of 40 documents, 10 (25.0%) were included in the analysis, and the remaining 30 (75.0%) documents were excluded. The studies originated from the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Singapore, Israel, the Republic of Korea, Taiwan, and India. The data on transmission trends and human monkeypox was recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: The epidemiological data for exported monkeypox cases were analyzed jointly for understanding the transmission trends of exportations and the geographic context of the monkeypox outbreak. Ten people had a travel history, six had a travel history from Nigeria to the United Kingdom (2), Nigeria to the United States of America (2), Nigeria to Singapore (1) and Nigeria to Israel (1). Moreover, from Germany to Taiwan (1), Germany to the Republic of Korea (1) and the United Arab Emirates to India (2). Among these 10 people, all travelers were male (100%), with age ranges of 20–38 years, seven people (70%) developed clinical symptoms before the start of travel, three people (30%) developed symptoms 2–6 days after the travel, and one person (10%) developed clinical symptoms in the flight during the journey. CONCLUSION: The study findings conclude that traveling can cause the spread of human monkeypox disease in various countries. The findings support the hypothesis that virus sources can travel and spread the disease from person to person and from region to region. The international health authorities must implement global preventive policies to control the burden of the disease both at regional and international levels. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10303924/ /pubmed/37388159 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1029215 Text en Copyright © 2023 Meo, Al-Khlaiwi, Al Jassir and Meo. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Meo, Sultan Ayoub
Al-Khlaiwi, Thamir
Al Jassir, Fawzi Fahad
Meo, Anusha Sultan
Impact of traveling on transmission trends of human monkeypox disease: worldwide data based observational analysis
title Impact of traveling on transmission trends of human monkeypox disease: worldwide data based observational analysis
title_full Impact of traveling on transmission trends of human monkeypox disease: worldwide data based observational analysis
title_fullStr Impact of traveling on transmission trends of human monkeypox disease: worldwide data based observational analysis
title_full_unstemmed Impact of traveling on transmission trends of human monkeypox disease: worldwide data based observational analysis
title_short Impact of traveling on transmission trends of human monkeypox disease: worldwide data based observational analysis
title_sort impact of traveling on transmission trends of human monkeypox disease: worldwide data based observational analysis
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10303924/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37388159
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1029215
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