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An economic evaluation of cattle tick acaricide-resistances and the financial losses in subtropical dairy farms of Ecuador: A farm system approach

Estimates of economic losses in cattle due to tick infestations in subtropical areas are limited, such as in Ecuador. Ticks affect animal production and health, but those direct effects are difficult to estimate since financial exercises carried out in farms consider both costs of the inputs and rev...

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Autores principales: Paucar-Quishpe, Valeria, Pérez-Otáñez, Ximena, Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Richar, Cepeda-Bastidas, Darío, Pérez-Escalante, Cecilia, Grijalva-Olmedo, Jorge, Enríquez, Sandra, Arciniegas-Ortega, Susana, Sandoval-Trávez, Luis, Benavides-Erazo, Bryan, Vanwambeke, Sophie O., Saegerman, Claude, Ron-Garrido, Lenin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10309988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37384770
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287104
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author Paucar-Quishpe, Valeria
Pérez-Otáñez, Ximena
Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Richar
Cepeda-Bastidas, Darío
Pérez-Escalante, Cecilia
Grijalva-Olmedo, Jorge
Enríquez, Sandra
Arciniegas-Ortega, Susana
Sandoval-Trávez, Luis
Benavides-Erazo, Bryan
Vanwambeke, Sophie O.
Saegerman, Claude
Ron-Garrido, Lenin
author_facet Paucar-Quishpe, Valeria
Pérez-Otáñez, Ximena
Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Richar
Cepeda-Bastidas, Darío
Pérez-Escalante, Cecilia
Grijalva-Olmedo, Jorge
Enríquez, Sandra
Arciniegas-Ortega, Susana
Sandoval-Trávez, Luis
Benavides-Erazo, Bryan
Vanwambeke, Sophie O.
Saegerman, Claude
Ron-Garrido, Lenin
author_sort Paucar-Quishpe, Valeria
collection PubMed
description Estimates of economic losses in cattle due to tick infestations in subtropical areas are limited, such as in Ecuador. Ticks affect animal production and health, but those direct effects are difficult to estimate since financial exercises carried out in farms consider both costs of the inputs and revenues. This study aims to quantify the costs of inputs involved in milk production and to know the role of acaricide treatment in the production costs on dairy farms in subtropical zones using a farming system approach. Regression and classification trees were used to study the relationship between tick control, acaricide resistance and the presence of high level of tick infestation in the farm system. Even though there was no significant direct association between high levels of tick infestation and the presence of acaricide resistance in ticks, a more complex structure for resistances operates in the manifestation of high tick infestation involving levels of farm technology and no acaricide resistance. Farms with higher levels of technology allocate a lower percentage of sanitary expenses to control ticks (13.41%) in comparison to semi-technified (23.97%) and non-technified farms (32.49%). Likewise, more technified and bigger herds have a lower annual expenditure on acaricide treatment (1.30% of the production budget equivalent to 8.46 USD per animal) compared to non-technified farms where it can represent more than 2.74% of the production budget and where the absence of cypermethrin resistance increases the treatment cost to 19.50 USS per animal annually. These results can motivate the development of information campaigns and control programmes targeted to the reality of small and medium farms that are the most affected in terms of the money they invest in controlling ticks.
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spelling pubmed-103099882023-06-30 An economic evaluation of cattle tick acaricide-resistances and the financial losses in subtropical dairy farms of Ecuador: A farm system approach Paucar-Quishpe, Valeria Pérez-Otáñez, Ximena Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Richar Cepeda-Bastidas, Darío Pérez-Escalante, Cecilia Grijalva-Olmedo, Jorge Enríquez, Sandra Arciniegas-Ortega, Susana Sandoval-Trávez, Luis Benavides-Erazo, Bryan Vanwambeke, Sophie O. Saegerman, Claude Ron-Garrido, Lenin PLoS One Research Article Estimates of economic losses in cattle due to tick infestations in subtropical areas are limited, such as in Ecuador. Ticks affect animal production and health, but those direct effects are difficult to estimate since financial exercises carried out in farms consider both costs of the inputs and revenues. This study aims to quantify the costs of inputs involved in milk production and to know the role of acaricide treatment in the production costs on dairy farms in subtropical zones using a farming system approach. Regression and classification trees were used to study the relationship between tick control, acaricide resistance and the presence of high level of tick infestation in the farm system. Even though there was no significant direct association between high levels of tick infestation and the presence of acaricide resistance in ticks, a more complex structure for resistances operates in the manifestation of high tick infestation involving levels of farm technology and no acaricide resistance. Farms with higher levels of technology allocate a lower percentage of sanitary expenses to control ticks (13.41%) in comparison to semi-technified (23.97%) and non-technified farms (32.49%). Likewise, more technified and bigger herds have a lower annual expenditure on acaricide treatment (1.30% of the production budget equivalent to 8.46 USD per animal) compared to non-technified farms where it can represent more than 2.74% of the production budget and where the absence of cypermethrin resistance increases the treatment cost to 19.50 USS per animal annually. These results can motivate the development of information campaigns and control programmes targeted to the reality of small and medium farms that are the most affected in terms of the money they invest in controlling ticks. Public Library of Science 2023-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10309988/ /pubmed/37384770 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287104 Text en © 2023 Paucar-Quishpe et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Paucar-Quishpe, Valeria
Pérez-Otáñez, Ximena
Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Richar
Cepeda-Bastidas, Darío
Pérez-Escalante, Cecilia
Grijalva-Olmedo, Jorge
Enríquez, Sandra
Arciniegas-Ortega, Susana
Sandoval-Trávez, Luis
Benavides-Erazo, Bryan
Vanwambeke, Sophie O.
Saegerman, Claude
Ron-Garrido, Lenin
An economic evaluation of cattle tick acaricide-resistances and the financial losses in subtropical dairy farms of Ecuador: A farm system approach
title An economic evaluation of cattle tick acaricide-resistances and the financial losses in subtropical dairy farms of Ecuador: A farm system approach
title_full An economic evaluation of cattle tick acaricide-resistances and the financial losses in subtropical dairy farms of Ecuador: A farm system approach
title_fullStr An economic evaluation of cattle tick acaricide-resistances and the financial losses in subtropical dairy farms of Ecuador: A farm system approach
title_full_unstemmed An economic evaluation of cattle tick acaricide-resistances and the financial losses in subtropical dairy farms of Ecuador: A farm system approach
title_short An economic evaluation of cattle tick acaricide-resistances and the financial losses in subtropical dairy farms of Ecuador: A farm system approach
title_sort economic evaluation of cattle tick acaricide-resistances and the financial losses in subtropical dairy farms of ecuador: a farm system approach
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10309988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37384770
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287104
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