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Viruses in saliva from sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Republic of Congo and Uganda

Pathogen surveillance for great ape health monitoring has typically been performed on non-invasive samples, primarily feces, in wild apes and blood in sanctuary-housed apes. However, many important primate pathogens, including known zoonoses, are shed in saliva and transmitted via oral fluids. Using...

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Autores principales: Dunay, Emily, Rukundo, Joshua, Atencia, Rebeca, Cole, Megan F., Cantwell, Averill, Emery Thompson, Melissa, Rosati, Alexandra G., Goldberg, Tony L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10310015/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37384730
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288007
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author Dunay, Emily
Rukundo, Joshua
Atencia, Rebeca
Cole, Megan F.
Cantwell, Averill
Emery Thompson, Melissa
Rosati, Alexandra G.
Goldberg, Tony L.
author_facet Dunay, Emily
Rukundo, Joshua
Atencia, Rebeca
Cole, Megan F.
Cantwell, Averill
Emery Thompson, Melissa
Rosati, Alexandra G.
Goldberg, Tony L.
author_sort Dunay, Emily
collection PubMed
description Pathogen surveillance for great ape health monitoring has typically been performed on non-invasive samples, primarily feces, in wild apes and blood in sanctuary-housed apes. However, many important primate pathogens, including known zoonoses, are shed in saliva and transmitted via oral fluids. Using metagenomic methods, we identified viruses in saliva samples from 46 wild-born, sanctuary-housed chimpanzees at two African sanctuaries in Republic of Congo and Uganda. In total, we identified 20 viruses. All but one, an unclassified CRESS DNA virus, are classified in five families: Circoviridae, Herpesviridae, Papillomaviridae, Picobirnaviridae, and Retroviridae. Overall, viral prevalence ranged from 4.2% to 87.5%. Many of these viruses are ubiquitous in primates and known to replicate in the oral cavity (simian foamy viruses, Retroviridae; a cytomegalovirus and lymphocryptovirus; Herpesviridae; and alpha and gamma papillomaviruses, Papillomaviridae). None of the viruses identified have been shown to cause disease in chimpanzees or, to our knowledge, in humans. These data suggest that the risk of zoonotic viral disease from chimpanzee oral fluids in sanctuaries may be lower than commonly assumed.
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spelling pubmed-103100152023-06-30 Viruses in saliva from sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Republic of Congo and Uganda Dunay, Emily Rukundo, Joshua Atencia, Rebeca Cole, Megan F. Cantwell, Averill Emery Thompson, Melissa Rosati, Alexandra G. Goldberg, Tony L. PLoS One Research Article Pathogen surveillance for great ape health monitoring has typically been performed on non-invasive samples, primarily feces, in wild apes and blood in sanctuary-housed apes. However, many important primate pathogens, including known zoonoses, are shed in saliva and transmitted via oral fluids. Using metagenomic methods, we identified viruses in saliva samples from 46 wild-born, sanctuary-housed chimpanzees at two African sanctuaries in Republic of Congo and Uganda. In total, we identified 20 viruses. All but one, an unclassified CRESS DNA virus, are classified in five families: Circoviridae, Herpesviridae, Papillomaviridae, Picobirnaviridae, and Retroviridae. Overall, viral prevalence ranged from 4.2% to 87.5%. Many of these viruses are ubiquitous in primates and known to replicate in the oral cavity (simian foamy viruses, Retroviridae; a cytomegalovirus and lymphocryptovirus; Herpesviridae; and alpha and gamma papillomaviruses, Papillomaviridae). None of the viruses identified have been shown to cause disease in chimpanzees or, to our knowledge, in humans. These data suggest that the risk of zoonotic viral disease from chimpanzee oral fluids in sanctuaries may be lower than commonly assumed. Public Library of Science 2023-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10310015/ /pubmed/37384730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288007 Text en © 2023 Dunay et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Dunay, Emily
Rukundo, Joshua
Atencia, Rebeca
Cole, Megan F.
Cantwell, Averill
Emery Thompson, Melissa
Rosati, Alexandra G.
Goldberg, Tony L.
Viruses in saliva from sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Republic of Congo and Uganda
title Viruses in saliva from sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Republic of Congo and Uganda
title_full Viruses in saliva from sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Republic of Congo and Uganda
title_fullStr Viruses in saliva from sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Republic of Congo and Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Viruses in saliva from sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Republic of Congo and Uganda
title_short Viruses in saliva from sanctuary chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Republic of Congo and Uganda
title_sort viruses in saliva from sanctuary chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) in republic of congo and uganda
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10310015/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37384730
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288007
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