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Reconstructing individual responses to direct questions: a new method for reconstructing malingered responses
INTRODUCTION: The false consensus effect consists of an overestimation of how common a subject opinion is among other people. This research demonstrates that individual endorsement of questions may be predicted by estimating peers’ responses to the same question. Moreover, we aim to demonstrate how...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10311065/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37397336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1093854 |
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author | Orrù, Graziella Ordali, Erica Monaro, Merylin Scarpazza, Cristina Conversano, Ciro Pietrini, Pietro Gemignani, Angelo Sartori, Giuseppe |
author_facet | Orrù, Graziella Ordali, Erica Monaro, Merylin Scarpazza, Cristina Conversano, Ciro Pietrini, Pietro Gemignani, Angelo Sartori, Giuseppe |
author_sort | Orrù, Graziella |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: The false consensus effect consists of an overestimation of how common a subject opinion is among other people. This research demonstrates that individual endorsement of questions may be predicted by estimating peers’ responses to the same question. Moreover, we aim to demonstrate how this prediction can be used to reconstruct the individual’s response to a single item as well as the overall response to all of the items, making the technique suitable and effective for malingering detection. METHOD: We have validated the procedure of reconstructing individual responses from peers’ estimation in two separate studies, one addressing anxiety-related questions and the other to the Dark Triad. The questionnaires, adapted to our scopes, were submitted to the groups of participants for a total of 187 subjects across both studies. Machine learning models were used to estimate the results. RESULTS: According to the results, individual responses to a single question requiring a “yes” or “no” response are predicted with 70–80% accuracy. The overall participant-predicted score on all questions (total test score) is predicted with a correlation of 0.7–0.77 with actual results. DISCUSSION: The application of the false consensus effect format is a promising procedure for reconstructing truthful responses in forensic settings when the respondent is highly likely to alter his true (genuine) response and true responses to the tests are missing. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10311065 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103110652023-07-01 Reconstructing individual responses to direct questions: a new method for reconstructing malingered responses Orrù, Graziella Ordali, Erica Monaro, Merylin Scarpazza, Cristina Conversano, Ciro Pietrini, Pietro Gemignani, Angelo Sartori, Giuseppe Front Psychol Psychology INTRODUCTION: The false consensus effect consists of an overestimation of how common a subject opinion is among other people. This research demonstrates that individual endorsement of questions may be predicted by estimating peers’ responses to the same question. Moreover, we aim to demonstrate how this prediction can be used to reconstruct the individual’s response to a single item as well as the overall response to all of the items, making the technique suitable and effective for malingering detection. METHOD: We have validated the procedure of reconstructing individual responses from peers’ estimation in two separate studies, one addressing anxiety-related questions and the other to the Dark Triad. The questionnaires, adapted to our scopes, were submitted to the groups of participants for a total of 187 subjects across both studies. Machine learning models were used to estimate the results. RESULTS: According to the results, individual responses to a single question requiring a “yes” or “no” response are predicted with 70–80% accuracy. The overall participant-predicted score on all questions (total test score) is predicted with a correlation of 0.7–0.77 with actual results. DISCUSSION: The application of the false consensus effect format is a promising procedure for reconstructing truthful responses in forensic settings when the respondent is highly likely to alter his true (genuine) response and true responses to the tests are missing. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10311065/ /pubmed/37397336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1093854 Text en Copyright © 2023 Orrù, Ordali, Monaro, Scarpazza, Conversano, Pietrini, Gemignani and Sartori. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Orrù, Graziella Ordali, Erica Monaro, Merylin Scarpazza, Cristina Conversano, Ciro Pietrini, Pietro Gemignani, Angelo Sartori, Giuseppe Reconstructing individual responses to direct questions: a new method for reconstructing malingered responses |
title | Reconstructing individual responses to direct questions: a new method for reconstructing malingered responses |
title_full | Reconstructing individual responses to direct questions: a new method for reconstructing malingered responses |
title_fullStr | Reconstructing individual responses to direct questions: a new method for reconstructing malingered responses |
title_full_unstemmed | Reconstructing individual responses to direct questions: a new method for reconstructing malingered responses |
title_short | Reconstructing individual responses to direct questions: a new method for reconstructing malingered responses |
title_sort | reconstructing individual responses to direct questions: a new method for reconstructing malingered responses |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10311065/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37397336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1093854 |
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