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Altitude and metabolic syndrome in China: Beneficial effects of healthy diet and physical activity
BACKGROUND: The correlation between altitude and metabolic syndrome has not been extensively studied, and the mediation effects of diet and physical activity remain unclear. We evaluated the cross-sectional correlations between altitude and metabolic syndrome and the possible mediation effects of di...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
International Society of Global Health
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10312044/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37394907 http://dx.doi.org/10.7189/jogh.13.04061 |
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author | Zhou, Junmin He, Ruifeng Shen, Zhuozhi Zhang, Yan Gao, Xufang Dejiquzong Xiao, Xiong Zhang, Tao Yang, Dan Wang, Yufei Song, Huan Guo, Yuming Li, Shanshan Chen, Gongbo Yin, Jianzhong Zhao, Xing |
author_facet | Zhou, Junmin He, Ruifeng Shen, Zhuozhi Zhang, Yan Gao, Xufang Dejiquzong Xiao, Xiong Zhang, Tao Yang, Dan Wang, Yufei Song, Huan Guo, Yuming Li, Shanshan Chen, Gongbo Yin, Jianzhong Zhao, Xing |
author_sort | Zhou, Junmin |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The correlation between altitude and metabolic syndrome has not been extensively studied, and the mediation effects of diet and physical activity remain unclear. We evaluated the cross-sectional correlations between altitude and metabolic syndrome and the possible mediation effects of diet and physical activity in China. METHODS: We included 89 485 participants from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort. We extracted their altitude information from their residential addresses and determined if they had metabolic syndrome by the presence of three or more of the following components: abdominal obesity, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated triglycerides, elevated glucose, and high blood pressure at recruitment. We conducted multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses for all and separately for Han ethnic participants. RESULTS: The participants had a mean age of 51.67 years and 60.56% were female. The risk difference of metabolic syndrome was -3.54% (95% confidence interval (CI) = -4.24, -2.86) between middle and low altitudes, -1.53% (95%CI = -2.53, -0.46) between high and low altitudes, and 2.01% (95% CI = 0.92, 3.09) between high and middle altitudes. Of the total estimated effect between middle and low altitude, the effect mediated by increased physical activity was -0.94% (95% CI = -1.04, -0.86). Compared to low altitude, the effects mediated by a healthier diet were -0.40% (95% CI = -0.47, -0.32) for middle altitude and -0.72% (95% CI = -0.87, -0.58) for high altitude. Estimates were similar in the Han ethnic group. CONCLUSIONS: Living at middle and high altitudes was significantly associated with lower risk of metabolic syndrome compared to low altitude, with middle altitude having the lowest risk. We found mediation effects of diet and physical activity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10312044 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | International Society of Global Health |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103120442023-07-01 Altitude and metabolic syndrome in China: Beneficial effects of healthy diet and physical activity Zhou, Junmin He, Ruifeng Shen, Zhuozhi Zhang, Yan Gao, Xufang Dejiquzong Xiao, Xiong Zhang, Tao Yang, Dan Wang, Yufei Song, Huan Guo, Yuming Li, Shanshan Chen, Gongbo Yin, Jianzhong Zhao, Xing J Glob Health Articles BACKGROUND: The correlation between altitude and metabolic syndrome has not been extensively studied, and the mediation effects of diet and physical activity remain unclear. We evaluated the cross-sectional correlations between altitude and metabolic syndrome and the possible mediation effects of diet and physical activity in China. METHODS: We included 89 485 participants from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort. We extracted their altitude information from their residential addresses and determined if they had metabolic syndrome by the presence of three or more of the following components: abdominal obesity, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated triglycerides, elevated glucose, and high blood pressure at recruitment. We conducted multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses for all and separately for Han ethnic participants. RESULTS: The participants had a mean age of 51.67 years and 60.56% were female. The risk difference of metabolic syndrome was -3.54% (95% confidence interval (CI) = -4.24, -2.86) between middle and low altitudes, -1.53% (95%CI = -2.53, -0.46) between high and low altitudes, and 2.01% (95% CI = 0.92, 3.09) between high and middle altitudes. Of the total estimated effect between middle and low altitude, the effect mediated by increased physical activity was -0.94% (95% CI = -1.04, -0.86). Compared to low altitude, the effects mediated by a healthier diet were -0.40% (95% CI = -0.47, -0.32) for middle altitude and -0.72% (95% CI = -0.87, -0.58) for high altitude. Estimates were similar in the Han ethnic group. CONCLUSIONS: Living at middle and high altitudes was significantly associated with lower risk of metabolic syndrome compared to low altitude, with middle altitude having the lowest risk. We found mediation effects of diet and physical activity. International Society of Global Health 2023-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10312044/ /pubmed/37394907 http://dx.doi.org/10.7189/jogh.13.04061 Text en Copyright © 2023 by the Journal of Global Health. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
spellingShingle | Articles Zhou, Junmin He, Ruifeng Shen, Zhuozhi Zhang, Yan Gao, Xufang Dejiquzong Xiao, Xiong Zhang, Tao Yang, Dan Wang, Yufei Song, Huan Guo, Yuming Li, Shanshan Chen, Gongbo Yin, Jianzhong Zhao, Xing Altitude and metabolic syndrome in China: Beneficial effects of healthy diet and physical activity |
title | Altitude and metabolic syndrome in China: Beneficial effects of healthy diet and physical activity |
title_full | Altitude and metabolic syndrome in China: Beneficial effects of healthy diet and physical activity |
title_fullStr | Altitude and metabolic syndrome in China: Beneficial effects of healthy diet and physical activity |
title_full_unstemmed | Altitude and metabolic syndrome in China: Beneficial effects of healthy diet and physical activity |
title_short | Altitude and metabolic syndrome in China: Beneficial effects of healthy diet and physical activity |
title_sort | altitude and metabolic syndrome in china: beneficial effects of healthy diet and physical activity |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10312044/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37394907 http://dx.doi.org/10.7189/jogh.13.04061 |
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