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Cognitive Control System Gates Insula Processing of Affective Stimuli in Early Psychosis

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Impairments in the expression, experience, and recognition of emotion are common in early psychosis (EP). Computational accounts of psychosis suggest disrupted top-down modulation by the cognitive control system (CCS) on perceptual circuits underlies psychotic experiences,...

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Autores principales: Koussis, Nikitas C, Burgher, Bjorn, Jeganathan, Jayson, Scott, James G, Cocchi, Luca, Breakspear, Michael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10318863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36866458
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad010
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author Koussis, Nikitas C
Burgher, Bjorn
Jeganathan, Jayson
Scott, James G
Cocchi, Luca
Breakspear, Michael
author_facet Koussis, Nikitas C
Burgher, Bjorn
Jeganathan, Jayson
Scott, James G
Cocchi, Luca
Breakspear, Michael
author_sort Koussis, Nikitas C
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Impairments in the expression, experience, and recognition of emotion are common in early psychosis (EP). Computational accounts of psychosis suggest disrupted top-down modulation by the cognitive control system (CCS) on perceptual circuits underlies psychotic experiences, but their role in emotional deficits in EP is unknown. STUDY DESIGN: The affective go/no-go task was used to probe inhibitory control during the presentation of calm or fearful faces in young persons with EP and matched controls. Computational modeling of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were performed using dynamic causal modeling (DCM). The influence of the CCS on perceptual and emotional systems was examined using parametric empirical bayes. STUDY RESULTS: When inhibiting motor response to fearful faces, EP participants showed higher brain activity in the right posterior insula (PI). To explain this, we used DCM to model effective connectivity between the PI, regions from the CCS activated during inhibition (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC] and anterior insula [AI]), and a visual input region, the lateral occipital cortex (LOC). EP participants exerted a stronger top-down inhibition from the DLPFC to the LOC than controls. Within the EP cohort, increased top-down connectivity between the LOC and AI was associated with a higher burden of negative symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Young persons with a recent onset of psychosis show a disturbance in the cognitive control of emotionally salient stimuli and the suppression of irrelevant distractors. These changes are associated with negative symptoms, suggesting new targets for the remediation of emotional deficits in young persons with EP.
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spelling pubmed-103188632023-07-05 Cognitive Control System Gates Insula Processing of Affective Stimuli in Early Psychosis Koussis, Nikitas C Burgher, Bjorn Jeganathan, Jayson Scott, James G Cocchi, Luca Breakspear, Michael Schizophr Bull Regular Articles BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Impairments in the expression, experience, and recognition of emotion are common in early psychosis (EP). Computational accounts of psychosis suggest disrupted top-down modulation by the cognitive control system (CCS) on perceptual circuits underlies psychotic experiences, but their role in emotional deficits in EP is unknown. STUDY DESIGN: The affective go/no-go task was used to probe inhibitory control during the presentation of calm or fearful faces in young persons with EP and matched controls. Computational modeling of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were performed using dynamic causal modeling (DCM). The influence of the CCS on perceptual and emotional systems was examined using parametric empirical bayes. STUDY RESULTS: When inhibiting motor response to fearful faces, EP participants showed higher brain activity in the right posterior insula (PI). To explain this, we used DCM to model effective connectivity between the PI, regions from the CCS activated during inhibition (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC] and anterior insula [AI]), and a visual input region, the lateral occipital cortex (LOC). EP participants exerted a stronger top-down inhibition from the DLPFC to the LOC than controls. Within the EP cohort, increased top-down connectivity between the LOC and AI was associated with a higher burden of negative symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Young persons with a recent onset of psychosis show a disturbance in the cognitive control of emotionally salient stimuli and the suppression of irrelevant distractors. These changes are associated with negative symptoms, suggesting new targets for the remediation of emotional deficits in young persons with EP. Oxford University Press 2023-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10318863/ /pubmed/36866458 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad010 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Regular Articles
Koussis, Nikitas C
Burgher, Bjorn
Jeganathan, Jayson
Scott, James G
Cocchi, Luca
Breakspear, Michael
Cognitive Control System Gates Insula Processing of Affective Stimuli in Early Psychosis
title Cognitive Control System Gates Insula Processing of Affective Stimuli in Early Psychosis
title_full Cognitive Control System Gates Insula Processing of Affective Stimuli in Early Psychosis
title_fullStr Cognitive Control System Gates Insula Processing of Affective Stimuli in Early Psychosis
title_full_unstemmed Cognitive Control System Gates Insula Processing of Affective Stimuli in Early Psychosis
title_short Cognitive Control System Gates Insula Processing of Affective Stimuli in Early Psychosis
title_sort cognitive control system gates insula processing of affective stimuli in early psychosis
topic Regular Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10318863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36866458
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbad010
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