Cargando…
Understanding palladium–tellurium cluster formation on WTe(2): From a kinetically hindered distribution to thermodynamically controlled monodispersity
A fundamental understanding of the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)–metal interface is critical for their utilization in a broad range of applications. We investigate how the deposition of palladium (Pd), as a model metal, on WTe(2)(001), leads to the assembly of Pd into clusters and nanoparti...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10321376/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37416870 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad212 |
_version_ | 1785068608705003520 |
---|---|
author | Evans, Prescott E Wang, Yang Sushko, Peter V Dohnálek, Zdenek |
author_facet | Evans, Prescott E Wang, Yang Sushko, Peter V Dohnálek, Zdenek |
author_sort | Evans, Prescott E |
collection | PubMed |
description | A fundamental understanding of the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)–metal interface is critical for their utilization in a broad range of applications. We investigate how the deposition of palladium (Pd), as a model metal, on WTe(2)(001), leads to the assembly of Pd into clusters and nanoparticles. Using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy imaging, and ab initio simulations, we find that Pd nucleation is driven by the interaction with and the availability of mobile excess tellurium (Te) leading to the formation of Pd-Te clusters at room temperature. Surprisingly, the nucleation of Pd-Te clusters is not affected by intrinsic surface defects, even at elevated temperatures. Upon annealing, the Pd-Te nanoclusters adopt an identical nanostructure and are stable up to ∼523 K. Density functional theory calculations provide a foundation for our understanding of the mobility of Pd and Te atoms, preferential nucleation of Pd-Te clusters, and the origin of their annealing-induced monodispersity. These results highlight the role the excess chalcogenide atoms may play in the metal deposition process. More broadly, the discoveries of synthetic pathways yielding thermally robust monodispersed nanostructures on TMDCs are critical to the manufacturing of novel quantum and microelectronics devices and catalytically active nano-alloy centers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10321376 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103213762023-07-06 Understanding palladium–tellurium cluster formation on WTe(2): From a kinetically hindered distribution to thermodynamically controlled monodispersity Evans, Prescott E Wang, Yang Sushko, Peter V Dohnálek, Zdenek PNAS Nexus Physical Sciences and Engineering A fundamental understanding of the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)–metal interface is critical for their utilization in a broad range of applications. We investigate how the deposition of palladium (Pd), as a model metal, on WTe(2)(001), leads to the assembly of Pd into clusters and nanoparticles. Using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy imaging, and ab initio simulations, we find that Pd nucleation is driven by the interaction with and the availability of mobile excess tellurium (Te) leading to the formation of Pd-Te clusters at room temperature. Surprisingly, the nucleation of Pd-Te clusters is not affected by intrinsic surface defects, even at elevated temperatures. Upon annealing, the Pd-Te nanoclusters adopt an identical nanostructure and are stable up to ∼523 K. Density functional theory calculations provide a foundation for our understanding of the mobility of Pd and Te atoms, preferential nucleation of Pd-Te clusters, and the origin of their annealing-induced monodispersity. These results highlight the role the excess chalcogenide atoms may play in the metal deposition process. More broadly, the discoveries of synthetic pathways yielding thermally robust monodispersed nanostructures on TMDCs are critical to the manufacturing of novel quantum and microelectronics devices and catalytically active nano-alloy centers. Oxford University Press 2023-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10321376/ /pubmed/37416870 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad212 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of National Academy of Sciences. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Physical Sciences and Engineering Evans, Prescott E Wang, Yang Sushko, Peter V Dohnálek, Zdenek Understanding palladium–tellurium cluster formation on WTe(2): From a kinetically hindered distribution to thermodynamically controlled monodispersity |
title | Understanding palladium–tellurium cluster formation on WTe(2): From a kinetically hindered distribution to thermodynamically controlled monodispersity |
title_full | Understanding palladium–tellurium cluster formation on WTe(2): From a kinetically hindered distribution to thermodynamically controlled monodispersity |
title_fullStr | Understanding palladium–tellurium cluster formation on WTe(2): From a kinetically hindered distribution to thermodynamically controlled monodispersity |
title_full_unstemmed | Understanding palladium–tellurium cluster formation on WTe(2): From a kinetically hindered distribution to thermodynamically controlled monodispersity |
title_short | Understanding palladium–tellurium cluster formation on WTe(2): From a kinetically hindered distribution to thermodynamically controlled monodispersity |
title_sort | understanding palladium–tellurium cluster formation on wte(2): from a kinetically hindered distribution to thermodynamically controlled monodispersity |
topic | Physical Sciences and Engineering |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10321376/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37416870 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad212 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT evansprescotte understandingpalladiumtelluriumclusterformationonwte2fromakineticallyhindereddistributiontothermodynamicallycontrolledmonodispersity AT wangyang understandingpalladiumtelluriumclusterformationonwte2fromakineticallyhindereddistributiontothermodynamicallycontrolledmonodispersity AT sushkopeterv understandingpalladiumtelluriumclusterformationonwte2fromakineticallyhindereddistributiontothermodynamicallycontrolledmonodispersity AT dohnalekzdenek understandingpalladiumtelluriumclusterformationonwte2fromakineticallyhindereddistributiontothermodynamicallycontrolledmonodispersity |