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Wastewater Knows Pathogen Spread: Analysis of Residential Wastewater for Infectious Microorganisms including SARS-CoV-2

BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify the genes of 35 pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and protozoa that cause waterborne infectious diseases, and to assess the feasibility of a wastewater-based surveillance system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wastewater was aseptically sampled once a month from 2 site...

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Autores principales: Kim, Nam-Yee, Shi, Hye Jin, Oh, Sung-Suck, Gong, Young-Woo, Kwon, Mun-Ju, Eom, Joong Sik, Park, Yoonseon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases; Korean Society for Antimicrobial Therapy; The Korean Society for AIDS 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10323530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37038731
http://dx.doi.org/10.3947/ic.2022.0152
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author Kim, Nam-Yee
Shi, Hye Jin
Oh, Sung-Suck
Gong, Young-Woo
Kwon, Mun-Ju
Eom, Joong Sik
Park, Yoonseon
author_facet Kim, Nam-Yee
Shi, Hye Jin
Oh, Sung-Suck
Gong, Young-Woo
Kwon, Mun-Ju
Eom, Joong Sik
Park, Yoonseon
author_sort Kim, Nam-Yee
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify the genes of 35 pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and protozoa that cause waterborne infectious diseases, and to assess the feasibility of a wastewater-based surveillance system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wastewater was aseptically sampled once a month from 2 sites. A total of 1 L of wastewater from each site underwent 0.2 µm filtration to generate the sample A. Subsequently, 200 ul of the filtered water was ultra-filtered and concentrated to generate the sample B, which was mixed with sample A in a 1:1 ratio. We performed a Filmarray(®) Gastrointestinal (GI) panel (BioFire Diagnnostics’, Salt Lake City, UT, USA) test to simultaneously detect 13 enterobacteria, 5 enterovirus, and 4 protozoa. RNA was extracted to assess 18 types of viruses. RESULTS: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 adenovirus, bocavirus, and rhinovirus was detected at both site. Norovirus GI/GII was continuously detected at both sites. Moreover, adenovirus, group A rotaviruses, and hepatitis A virus were frequently detected; however, hepatitis E virus was absent at either site. Campylobacter, enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, and Clostridioides difficile toxin A/B were detected at both sites. Giardia lamblia was also detected in both sites. CONCLUSION: We analyze multiple infectious disease pathogens under sample surveillance with incidence. Further in-depth studies on wastewater-based surveillance will be feasible and important.
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spelling pubmed-103235302023-07-07 Wastewater Knows Pathogen Spread: Analysis of Residential Wastewater for Infectious Microorganisms including SARS-CoV-2 Kim, Nam-Yee Shi, Hye Jin Oh, Sung-Suck Gong, Young-Woo Kwon, Mun-Ju Eom, Joong Sik Park, Yoonseon Infect Chemother Original Article BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify the genes of 35 pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and protozoa that cause waterborne infectious diseases, and to assess the feasibility of a wastewater-based surveillance system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wastewater was aseptically sampled once a month from 2 sites. A total of 1 L of wastewater from each site underwent 0.2 µm filtration to generate the sample A. Subsequently, 200 ul of the filtered water was ultra-filtered and concentrated to generate the sample B, which was mixed with sample A in a 1:1 ratio. We performed a Filmarray(®) Gastrointestinal (GI) panel (BioFire Diagnnostics’, Salt Lake City, UT, USA) test to simultaneously detect 13 enterobacteria, 5 enterovirus, and 4 protozoa. RNA was extracted to assess 18 types of viruses. RESULTS: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 adenovirus, bocavirus, and rhinovirus was detected at both site. Norovirus GI/GII was continuously detected at both sites. Moreover, adenovirus, group A rotaviruses, and hepatitis A virus were frequently detected; however, hepatitis E virus was absent at either site. Campylobacter, enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, and Clostridioides difficile toxin A/B were detected at both sites. Giardia lamblia was also detected in both sites. CONCLUSION: We analyze multiple infectious disease pathogens under sample surveillance with incidence. Further in-depth studies on wastewater-based surveillance will be feasible and important. The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases; Korean Society for Antimicrobial Therapy; The Korean Society for AIDS 2023-06 2023-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10323530/ /pubmed/37038731 http://dx.doi.org/10.3947/ic.2022.0152 Text en Copyright © 2023 by The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases, Korean Society for Antimicrobial Therapy, and The Korean Society for AIDS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Kim, Nam-Yee
Shi, Hye Jin
Oh, Sung-Suck
Gong, Young-Woo
Kwon, Mun-Ju
Eom, Joong Sik
Park, Yoonseon
Wastewater Knows Pathogen Spread: Analysis of Residential Wastewater for Infectious Microorganisms including SARS-CoV-2
title Wastewater Knows Pathogen Spread: Analysis of Residential Wastewater for Infectious Microorganisms including SARS-CoV-2
title_full Wastewater Knows Pathogen Spread: Analysis of Residential Wastewater for Infectious Microorganisms including SARS-CoV-2
title_fullStr Wastewater Knows Pathogen Spread: Analysis of Residential Wastewater for Infectious Microorganisms including SARS-CoV-2
title_full_unstemmed Wastewater Knows Pathogen Spread: Analysis of Residential Wastewater for Infectious Microorganisms including SARS-CoV-2
title_short Wastewater Knows Pathogen Spread: Analysis of Residential Wastewater for Infectious Microorganisms including SARS-CoV-2
title_sort wastewater knows pathogen spread: analysis of residential wastewater for infectious microorganisms including sars-cov-2
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10323530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37038731
http://dx.doi.org/10.3947/ic.2022.0152
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