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Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: epidemiological trends from 2006 to 2021

INTRODUCTION: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne protozoan skin disease that affects all human ages and can pose extreme social and psychological impacts. This study aimed to reveal the epidemiological trends of CL in the Tabuk region, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), during the period...

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Autores principales: Hassanein, Raafat Abdel Moneim, El-Shemi, Adel Galal, Albalawi, Bader Mohammed
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The African Field Epidemiology Network 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10323816/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37426462
http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.45.11.38632
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author Hassanein, Raafat Abdel Moneim
El-Shemi, Adel Galal
Albalawi, Bader Mohammed
author_facet Hassanein, Raafat Abdel Moneim
El-Shemi, Adel Galal
Albalawi, Bader Mohammed
author_sort Hassanein, Raafat Abdel Moneim
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne protozoan skin disease that affects all human ages and can pose extreme social and psychological impacts. This study aimed to reveal the epidemiological trends of CL in the Tabuk region, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), during the period from 2006 to 2021. METHODS: patients with CL, who were detected and registered at the regional Vector-borne Diseases Control Unit of the Tabuk province, between January 2006 and December 2021, were analyzed in this retrospective study. The patients´ data included their nationality, gender, and age, and their annual and month-by-month recorded patterns. RESULTS: a total of 1575 CL patients were reported during the said period. They were 53.1% Saudis and 46.9% non-Saudi expatriates with a ratio around 1.1: 1.0; and they were re-categorized as 83.17% males and 16.83% females with a ratio of 4.9: 1.0 (p <0.5). Additionally, the majority (1002/1575; 63.6%) of these CL patients were in age group of 15-45 years (p <0.5), and the lowest number was in age group of <5 years. Most importantly, there was a continuous annual and month-by-month record of these patients; reflecting CL endemicity in the Tabuk region of KSA. CONCLUSION: the present findings imply that CL is endemic in the Tabuk region of KSA. As there is a recent increase in human immigration to this region, sustainable monitoring of CL and improving its control measures is warranted.
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spelling pubmed-103238162023-07-07 Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: epidemiological trends from 2006 to 2021 Hassanein, Raafat Abdel Moneim El-Shemi, Adel Galal Albalawi, Bader Mohammed Pan Afr Med J Research INTRODUCTION: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne protozoan skin disease that affects all human ages and can pose extreme social and psychological impacts. This study aimed to reveal the epidemiological trends of CL in the Tabuk region, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), during the period from 2006 to 2021. METHODS: patients with CL, who were detected and registered at the regional Vector-borne Diseases Control Unit of the Tabuk province, between January 2006 and December 2021, were analyzed in this retrospective study. The patients´ data included their nationality, gender, and age, and their annual and month-by-month recorded patterns. RESULTS: a total of 1575 CL patients were reported during the said period. They were 53.1% Saudis and 46.9% non-Saudi expatriates with a ratio around 1.1: 1.0; and they were re-categorized as 83.17% males and 16.83% females with a ratio of 4.9: 1.0 (p <0.5). Additionally, the majority (1002/1575; 63.6%) of these CL patients were in age group of 15-45 years (p <0.5), and the lowest number was in age group of <5 years. Most importantly, there was a continuous annual and month-by-month record of these patients; reflecting CL endemicity in the Tabuk region of KSA. CONCLUSION: the present findings imply that CL is endemic in the Tabuk region of KSA. As there is a recent increase in human immigration to this region, sustainable monitoring of CL and improving its control measures is warranted. The African Field Epidemiology Network 2023-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10323816/ /pubmed/37426462 http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.45.11.38632 Text en Copyright: Raafat Abdel Moneim Hassanein et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/The Pan African Medical Journal (ISSN: 1937-8688). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Hassanein, Raafat Abdel Moneim
El-Shemi, Adel Galal
Albalawi, Bader Mohammed
Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: epidemiological trends from 2006 to 2021
title Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: epidemiological trends from 2006 to 2021
title_full Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: epidemiological trends from 2006 to 2021
title_fullStr Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: epidemiological trends from 2006 to 2021
title_full_unstemmed Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: epidemiological trends from 2006 to 2021
title_short Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia: epidemiological trends from 2006 to 2021
title_sort cutaneous leishmaniasis in tabuk, saudi arabia: epidemiological trends from 2006 to 2021
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10323816/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37426462
http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.45.11.38632
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