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Phase segregation and miscibility of TiO( x ) nanocomposites in Gd-doped ceria solid electrolyte material
Electro-chemo-mechanical (ECM) coupling refers to mechanical deformation due to electrochemically driven compositional change in a solid. An ECM actuator producing micrometre-size displacements and long-term stability at room temperature was recently reported, comprising a 20 mol% Gd-doped ceria (20...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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International Union of Crystallography
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10325025/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37233734 http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600577523003636 |
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author | Li, Junying Routh, Prahlad K. Li, Yuanyuan Plonka, Anna Makagon, Evgeniy Lubomirsky, Igor Frenkel, Anatoly |
author_facet | Li, Junying Routh, Prahlad K. Li, Yuanyuan Plonka, Anna Makagon, Evgeniy Lubomirsky, Igor Frenkel, Anatoly |
author_sort | Li, Junying |
collection | PubMed |
description | Electro-chemo-mechanical (ECM) coupling refers to mechanical deformation due to electrochemically driven compositional change in a solid. An ECM actuator producing micrometre-size displacements and long-term stability at room temperature was recently reported, comprising a 20 mol% Gd-doped ceria (20GDC), a solid electrolyte membrane, placed between two working bodies made of TiO( x )/20GDC (Ti-GDC) nanocomposites with Ti concentration of 38 mol%. The volumetric changes originating from oxidation or reduction in the local TiO( x ) units are hypothesized to be the origin of mechanical deformation in the ECM actuator. Studying the Ti concentration-dependent structural changes in the Ti-GDC nanocomposites is therefore required for (i) understanding the mechanism of dimensional changes in the ECM actuator and (ii) maximizing the ECM response. Here, the systematic investigation of the local structure of the Ti and Ce ions in Ti-GDC over a broad range of Ti concentrations using synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction is reported. The main finding is that, depending on the Ti concentration, Ti atoms either form a cerium titanate or segregate into a TiO(2) anatase-like phase. The transition region between these two regimes with Ti(IV) concentration between 19% and 57% contained strongly disordered TiO( x ) units dispersed in 20GDC containing Ce(III) and Ce(IV) and hence rich with oxygen vacancies. As a result, this transition region is proposed to be the most advantageous for developing ECM-active materials. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10325025 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | International Union of Crystallography |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103250252023-07-07 Phase segregation and miscibility of TiO( x ) nanocomposites in Gd-doped ceria solid electrolyte material Li, Junying Routh, Prahlad K. Li, Yuanyuan Plonka, Anna Makagon, Evgeniy Lubomirsky, Igor Frenkel, Anatoly J Synchrotron Radiat Research Papers Electro-chemo-mechanical (ECM) coupling refers to mechanical deformation due to electrochemically driven compositional change in a solid. An ECM actuator producing micrometre-size displacements and long-term stability at room temperature was recently reported, comprising a 20 mol% Gd-doped ceria (20GDC), a solid electrolyte membrane, placed between two working bodies made of TiO( x )/20GDC (Ti-GDC) nanocomposites with Ti concentration of 38 mol%. The volumetric changes originating from oxidation or reduction in the local TiO( x ) units are hypothesized to be the origin of mechanical deformation in the ECM actuator. Studying the Ti concentration-dependent structural changes in the Ti-GDC nanocomposites is therefore required for (i) understanding the mechanism of dimensional changes in the ECM actuator and (ii) maximizing the ECM response. Here, the systematic investigation of the local structure of the Ti and Ce ions in Ti-GDC over a broad range of Ti concentrations using synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction is reported. The main finding is that, depending on the Ti concentration, Ti atoms either form a cerium titanate or segregate into a TiO(2) anatase-like phase. The transition region between these two regimes with Ti(IV) concentration between 19% and 57% contained strongly disordered TiO( x ) units dispersed in 20GDC containing Ce(III) and Ce(IV) and hence rich with oxygen vacancies. As a result, this transition region is proposed to be the most advantageous for developing ECM-active materials. International Union of Crystallography 2023-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10325025/ /pubmed/37233734 http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600577523003636 Text en © Junying Li et al. 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Papers Li, Junying Routh, Prahlad K. Li, Yuanyuan Plonka, Anna Makagon, Evgeniy Lubomirsky, Igor Frenkel, Anatoly Phase segregation and miscibility of TiO( x ) nanocomposites in Gd-doped ceria solid electrolyte material |
title | Phase segregation and miscibility of TiO(
x
) nanocomposites in Gd-doped ceria solid electrolyte material |
title_full | Phase segregation and miscibility of TiO(
x
) nanocomposites in Gd-doped ceria solid electrolyte material |
title_fullStr | Phase segregation and miscibility of TiO(
x
) nanocomposites in Gd-doped ceria solid electrolyte material |
title_full_unstemmed | Phase segregation and miscibility of TiO(
x
) nanocomposites in Gd-doped ceria solid electrolyte material |
title_short | Phase segregation and miscibility of TiO(
x
) nanocomposites in Gd-doped ceria solid electrolyte material |
title_sort | phase segregation and miscibility of tio(
x
) nanocomposites in gd-doped ceria solid electrolyte material |
topic | Research Papers |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10325025/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37233734 http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1600577523003636 |
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