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A data-driven approach to categorizing early life adversity exposure in the ABCD Study

BACKGROUND: Adversity occurring during development is associated with detrimental health and quality of life outcomes, not just following exposure but throughout the lifespan. Despite increased research, there exists both overlapping and distinct definitions of early life adversity exposure captured...

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Autores principales: Orendain, Natalia, Anderson, Ariana, Galván, Adriana, Bookheimer, Susan, Chung, Paul J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10327383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37420169
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12874-023-01983-9
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author Orendain, Natalia
Anderson, Ariana
Galván, Adriana
Bookheimer, Susan
Chung, Paul J.
author_facet Orendain, Natalia
Anderson, Ariana
Galván, Adriana
Bookheimer, Susan
Chung, Paul J.
author_sort Orendain, Natalia
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Adversity occurring during development is associated with detrimental health and quality of life outcomes, not just following exposure but throughout the lifespan. Despite increased research, there exists both overlapping and distinct definitions of early life adversity exposure captured by over 30 different empirically validated tools. A data-driven approach to defining and cataloging exposure is needed to better understand associated outcomes and advance the field. METHODS: We utilized baseline data on 11,566 youth enrolled in the ABCD Study to catalog youth and caregiver-reported early life adversity exposure captured across 14 different measures. We employed an exploratory factor analysis to identify the factor domains of early life adversity exposure and conducted a series of regression analyses to examine its association with problematic behavioral outcomes. RESULTS: The exploratory factor analysis yielded a 6-factor solution corresponding to the following distinct domains: 1) physical and sexual violence; 2) parental psychopathology; 3) neighborhood threat; 4) prenatal substance exposure; 5) scarcity; and 6) household dysfunction. The prevalence of exposure among 9-and 10-year-old youth was largely driven by the incidence of parental psychopathology. Sociodemographic characteristics significantly differed between youth with adversity exposure and controls, depicting a higher incidence of exposure among racial and ethnic minoritized youth, and among those identifying with low socioeconomic status. Adversity exposure was significantly associated with greater problematic behaviors and largely driven by the incidence of parental psychopathology, household dysfunction and neighborhood threat. Certain types of early life adversity exposure were more significantly associated with internalizing as opposed to externalizing problematic behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend a data-driven approach to define and catalog early life adversity exposure and suggest the incorporation of more versus less data to capture the nuances of exposure, e.g., type, age of onset, frequency, duration. The broad categorizations of early life adversity exposure into two domains, such as abuse and neglect, or threat and deprivation, fail to account for the routine co-occurrence of exposures and the duality of some forms of adversity. The development and use of a data-driven definition of early life adversity exposure is a crucial step to lessening barriers to evidence-based treatments and interventions for youth. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12874-023-01983-9.
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spelling pubmed-103273832023-07-08 A data-driven approach to categorizing early life adversity exposure in the ABCD Study Orendain, Natalia Anderson, Ariana Galván, Adriana Bookheimer, Susan Chung, Paul J. BMC Med Res Methodol Research BACKGROUND: Adversity occurring during development is associated with detrimental health and quality of life outcomes, not just following exposure but throughout the lifespan. Despite increased research, there exists both overlapping and distinct definitions of early life adversity exposure captured by over 30 different empirically validated tools. A data-driven approach to defining and cataloging exposure is needed to better understand associated outcomes and advance the field. METHODS: We utilized baseline data on 11,566 youth enrolled in the ABCD Study to catalog youth and caregiver-reported early life adversity exposure captured across 14 different measures. We employed an exploratory factor analysis to identify the factor domains of early life adversity exposure and conducted a series of regression analyses to examine its association with problematic behavioral outcomes. RESULTS: The exploratory factor analysis yielded a 6-factor solution corresponding to the following distinct domains: 1) physical and sexual violence; 2) parental psychopathology; 3) neighborhood threat; 4) prenatal substance exposure; 5) scarcity; and 6) household dysfunction. The prevalence of exposure among 9-and 10-year-old youth was largely driven by the incidence of parental psychopathology. Sociodemographic characteristics significantly differed between youth with adversity exposure and controls, depicting a higher incidence of exposure among racial and ethnic minoritized youth, and among those identifying with low socioeconomic status. Adversity exposure was significantly associated with greater problematic behaviors and largely driven by the incidence of parental psychopathology, household dysfunction and neighborhood threat. Certain types of early life adversity exposure were more significantly associated with internalizing as opposed to externalizing problematic behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend a data-driven approach to define and catalog early life adversity exposure and suggest the incorporation of more versus less data to capture the nuances of exposure, e.g., type, age of onset, frequency, duration. The broad categorizations of early life adversity exposure into two domains, such as abuse and neglect, or threat and deprivation, fail to account for the routine co-occurrence of exposures and the duality of some forms of adversity. The development and use of a data-driven definition of early life adversity exposure is a crucial step to lessening barriers to evidence-based treatments and interventions for youth. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12874-023-01983-9. BioMed Central 2023-07-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10327383/ /pubmed/37420169 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12874-023-01983-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Orendain, Natalia
Anderson, Ariana
Galván, Adriana
Bookheimer, Susan
Chung, Paul J.
A data-driven approach to categorizing early life adversity exposure in the ABCD Study
title A data-driven approach to categorizing early life adversity exposure in the ABCD Study
title_full A data-driven approach to categorizing early life adversity exposure in the ABCD Study
title_fullStr A data-driven approach to categorizing early life adversity exposure in the ABCD Study
title_full_unstemmed A data-driven approach to categorizing early life adversity exposure in the ABCD Study
title_short A data-driven approach to categorizing early life adversity exposure in the ABCD Study
title_sort data-driven approach to categorizing early life adversity exposure in the abcd study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10327383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37420169
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12874-023-01983-9
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