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A Review of Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Schizophrenia-Risk

The risk for developing schizophrenia is increased among first-degree relatives of those with psychotic disorders, but the risk is even higher in those meeting established criteria for clinical high risk (CHR), a clinical construct most often comprising of attenuated psychotic experiences. Conversio...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Mamah, Daniel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10327607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37427077
http://dx.doi.org/10.20900/jpbs.20230005
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author Mamah, Daniel
author_facet Mamah, Daniel
author_sort Mamah, Daniel
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description The risk for developing schizophrenia is increased among first-degree relatives of those with psychotic disorders, but the risk is even higher in those meeting established criteria for clinical high risk (CHR), a clinical construct most often comprising of attenuated psychotic experiences. Conversion to psychosis among CHR youth has been reported to be about 15–35% over three years. Accurately identifying individuals whose psychotic symptoms will worsen would facilitate earlier intervention, but this has been difficult to do using behavior measures alone. Brain-based risk markers have the potential to improve the accuracy of predicting outcomes in CHR youth. This narrative review provides an overview of neuroimaging studies used to investigate psychosis risk, including studies involving structural, functional, and diffusion imaging, functional connectivity, positron emission tomography, arterial spin labeling, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and multi-modality approaches. We present findings separately in those observed in the CHR state and those associated with psychosis progression or resilience. Finally, we discuss future research directions that could improve clinical care for those at high risk for developing psychotic disorders.
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spelling pubmed-103276072023-07-07 A Review of Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Schizophrenia-Risk Mamah, Daniel J Psychiatr Brain Sci Article The risk for developing schizophrenia is increased among first-degree relatives of those with psychotic disorders, but the risk is even higher in those meeting established criteria for clinical high risk (CHR), a clinical construct most often comprising of attenuated psychotic experiences. Conversion to psychosis among CHR youth has been reported to be about 15–35% over three years. Accurately identifying individuals whose psychotic symptoms will worsen would facilitate earlier intervention, but this has been difficult to do using behavior measures alone. Brain-based risk markers have the potential to improve the accuracy of predicting outcomes in CHR youth. This narrative review provides an overview of neuroimaging studies used to investigate psychosis risk, including studies involving structural, functional, and diffusion imaging, functional connectivity, positron emission tomography, arterial spin labeling, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and multi-modality approaches. We present findings separately in those observed in the CHR state and those associated with psychosis progression or resilience. Finally, we discuss future research directions that could improve clinical care for those at high risk for developing psychotic disorders. 2023 2023-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10327607/ /pubmed/37427077 http://dx.doi.org/10.20900/jpbs.20230005 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Mamah, Daniel
A Review of Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Schizophrenia-Risk
title A Review of Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Schizophrenia-Risk
title_full A Review of Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Schizophrenia-Risk
title_fullStr A Review of Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Schizophrenia-Risk
title_full_unstemmed A Review of Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Schizophrenia-Risk
title_short A Review of Potential Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Schizophrenia-Risk
title_sort review of potential neuroimaging biomarkers of schizophrenia-risk
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10327607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37427077
http://dx.doi.org/10.20900/jpbs.20230005
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