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Cholesterol goals, statin use and residual cardiovascular risk estimated by SMART score: Study of a Nicaraguan population
INTRODUCTION: Adverse cardiovascular events that arise in patients with established cardiovascular disease have prompted researchers to seek variables that can help estimate residual cardiovascular risk and aid in its reduction. In Latin-America, there is limited data assessing this type of risk. OB...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10328960/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37427093 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200192 |
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author | Rizo Rivera, Ginner Odorico Valladares, Marion Jose Toledo Vargas, Hildebrando M. Chavez, Elibeth Garcia de la Rocha, Alejandro A. Urcuyo Hernandez, Luis A. Meneses Mercado, Jose Daniel |
author_facet | Rizo Rivera, Ginner Odorico Valladares, Marion Jose Toledo Vargas, Hildebrando M. Chavez, Elibeth Garcia de la Rocha, Alejandro A. Urcuyo Hernandez, Luis A. Meneses Mercado, Jose Daniel |
author_sort | Rizo Rivera, Ginner Odorico |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Adverse cardiovascular events that arise in patients with established cardiovascular disease have prompted researchers to seek variables that can help estimate residual cardiovascular risk and aid in its reduction. In Latin-America, there is limited data assessing this type of risk. OBJECTIVE: Estimate residual cardiovascular risk in ambulatory patients diagnosed with Chronic Coronary Syndrome (CCS) using the SMART-Score scale seen at five clinics in Nicaragua; determine the prevalence of patients that achieve a serum LDL level of <55 mg/dL; and describe the use of statins in these patients. METHODS: A total of 145 participants previously diagnosed with CCS seen regularly in ambulatory visits were enrolled. A survey was completed, including epidemiological variables that allowed the calculation of a SMART score. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS: A 46.2% of participants were male, the average age was 68.7 years (11.4 SD), 91% had hypertension, 80.7% had a BMI ≥25. Under the SMART Score risk classification per Dorresteijn et al. the following risk distribution was found: 2.8% low, 31% moderate, 20% high, 13.1% very high and 33.1% extremely high. Per the risk classification of Kaasenbrood et al., 2.8% were in the 0–9% group, 31% in the 10–19%, 20% in 20–29% and 46.2% were in the ≥30% group. A 64.8% did not meet LDL goals. CONCLUSION: There is an inadequate control of cLDL levels in patients with CCS, and the appropriate available therapeutic resources aren't being utilized. It is important to achieve a proper control of lipid levels in order to improve cardiovascular outcomes, despite currently being far from these goals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10328960 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103289602023-07-09 Cholesterol goals, statin use and residual cardiovascular risk estimated by SMART score: Study of a Nicaraguan population Rizo Rivera, Ginner Odorico Valladares, Marion Jose Toledo Vargas, Hildebrando M. Chavez, Elibeth Garcia de la Rocha, Alejandro A. Urcuyo Hernandez, Luis A. Meneses Mercado, Jose Daniel Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev Research Paper INTRODUCTION: Adverse cardiovascular events that arise in patients with established cardiovascular disease have prompted researchers to seek variables that can help estimate residual cardiovascular risk and aid in its reduction. In Latin-America, there is limited data assessing this type of risk. OBJECTIVE: Estimate residual cardiovascular risk in ambulatory patients diagnosed with Chronic Coronary Syndrome (CCS) using the SMART-Score scale seen at five clinics in Nicaragua; determine the prevalence of patients that achieve a serum LDL level of <55 mg/dL; and describe the use of statins in these patients. METHODS: A total of 145 participants previously diagnosed with CCS seen regularly in ambulatory visits were enrolled. A survey was completed, including epidemiological variables that allowed the calculation of a SMART score. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS: A 46.2% of participants were male, the average age was 68.7 years (11.4 SD), 91% had hypertension, 80.7% had a BMI ≥25. Under the SMART Score risk classification per Dorresteijn et al. the following risk distribution was found: 2.8% low, 31% moderate, 20% high, 13.1% very high and 33.1% extremely high. Per the risk classification of Kaasenbrood et al., 2.8% were in the 0–9% group, 31% in the 10–19%, 20% in 20–29% and 46.2% were in the ≥30% group. A 64.8% did not meet LDL goals. CONCLUSION: There is an inadequate control of cLDL levels in patients with CCS, and the appropriate available therapeutic resources aren't being utilized. It is important to achieve a proper control of lipid levels in order to improve cardiovascular outcomes, despite currently being far from these goals. Elsevier 2023-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10328960/ /pubmed/37427093 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200192 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Paper Rizo Rivera, Ginner Odorico Valladares, Marion Jose Toledo Vargas, Hildebrando M. Chavez, Elibeth Garcia de la Rocha, Alejandro A. Urcuyo Hernandez, Luis A. Meneses Mercado, Jose Daniel Cholesterol goals, statin use and residual cardiovascular risk estimated by SMART score: Study of a Nicaraguan population |
title | Cholesterol goals, statin use and residual cardiovascular risk estimated by SMART score: Study of a Nicaraguan population |
title_full | Cholesterol goals, statin use and residual cardiovascular risk estimated by SMART score: Study of a Nicaraguan population |
title_fullStr | Cholesterol goals, statin use and residual cardiovascular risk estimated by SMART score: Study of a Nicaraguan population |
title_full_unstemmed | Cholesterol goals, statin use and residual cardiovascular risk estimated by SMART score: Study of a Nicaraguan population |
title_short | Cholesterol goals, statin use and residual cardiovascular risk estimated by SMART score: Study of a Nicaraguan population |
title_sort | cholesterol goals, statin use and residual cardiovascular risk estimated by smart score: study of a nicaraguan population |
topic | Research Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10328960/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37427093 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200192 |
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