Application of Stichopus hermanni Nanoparticle Gel in the Healing of Traumatic Ulcers

Objective The aim of this research was to investigate the use of Stichopus herrmanni nanoparticle gel on the ulcer healing process by observing blood vessels, fibroblasts, and Collagen type-I (COL-1) expression on the 4 and 7th days after trauma. Materials and Methods Gold sea cucumber ( Stichopus herrmanni ) powder was processed by freeze-drying method, then by high-energy milling to form nanoparticle size, and then with CMC 2% to make hydrogel. Traumatic ulcers were formed by induction using a burner. Five groups of male Wistar rats, each consisting of six tails, were divided into a negative control group that was given a placebo, the positive control group was given 0.2% hyaluronic acid, and the treatment group was given gold sea cucumbers with concentrations of 0.135, 0.27, and 0.54% (SH1-SH2-SH3). Fibroblast and blood vessels were examined with hematoxylin-eosin on day 3 and 7, while COL-1 expression was examined with immunohistochemistry on day 7. The rats' mucosa was taken on the 3rd and 7th days after the traumatic ulcer was formed. Statistical Analysis The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance followed by a post-hoc test with a p less than 0.05. Results Nanoparticles gel freeze-drying of Stichopus herrmanni increased blood vessels on day 3. Angiogenesis continued to occur, which resulted in increased fibroblast and COL-1 expression on day 7. Conclusions The application of Stichopus herrmanni nanoparticle gel at 0.27% effectively increased the number of blood vessels, fibroblasts, and COL-1 expression in healing traumatic ulcers.