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Epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from Sri Lanka

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. AIM: This study aimed to describe the prevalence and seasonal patterns of RSV and to determine the actual and predictive...

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Autores principales: Divarathna, Maduja V. M., Rafeek, Rukshan A. M., Morel, Adrian J., Aththanayake, Chathuri, Noordeen, Faseeha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10330818/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37434712
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1173842
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author Divarathna, Maduja V. M.
Rafeek, Rukshan A. M.
Morel, Adrian J.
Aththanayake, Chathuri
Noordeen, Faseeha
author_facet Divarathna, Maduja V. M.
Rafeek, Rukshan A. M.
Morel, Adrian J.
Aththanayake, Chathuri
Noordeen, Faseeha
author_sort Divarathna, Maduja V. M.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. AIM: This study aimed to describe the prevalence and seasonal patterns of RSV and to determine the actual and predictive association of RSV-associated ARTI and clinical, socio-demographic, and climatic risk factors in children < 5 years. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 500 children < 5 years admitted to the Kegalle General Hospital, Sri Lanka between May 2016 to July 2018. RSV and RSV subtypes were detected using immunofluorescence assay and real time RT-PCR, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done for the data analysis using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Kruskal–Wallis test, and multiple binary logistic regression in the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 16.0. RESULTS: Prevalence of RSV-associated ARTI was 28% in children < 5 years. Both RSV subtypes were detected throughout the study period. RSV-B was the dominant subtype detected with a prevalence of 72.14%. RSV infection in general caused severe respiratory disease leading to hypoxemia. Compared to RSV-B, RSV-A infection had more symptoms leading to hypoxemia. Factors increasing the risk of contracting RSV infection included number of people living (n > 6), having pets at home and inhaling toxic fumes. The inferential analysis predicts RSV infection in children < 5 years with ARTI, with a 75.4% probability with clinical and socio-demographic characteristics like age < 1 year, fever for > 4 days, cough, conjunctivitis, stuffiness, fatigue, six or more people at home, having pets at home and inhaling toxic fumes. Climatic factors like increases in temperature (°C), wind speed (Km/h), wind gust (Km/h), rainfall (mm) and atmospheric pressure (mb) showed a strong correlation with the RSV infection in children.
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spelling pubmed-103308182023-07-11 Epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from Sri Lanka Divarathna, Maduja V. M. Rafeek, Rukshan A. M. Morel, Adrian J. Aththanayake, Chathuri Noordeen, Faseeha Front Microbiol Microbiology BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. AIM: This study aimed to describe the prevalence and seasonal patterns of RSV and to determine the actual and predictive association of RSV-associated ARTI and clinical, socio-demographic, and climatic risk factors in children < 5 years. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 500 children < 5 years admitted to the Kegalle General Hospital, Sri Lanka between May 2016 to July 2018. RSV and RSV subtypes were detected using immunofluorescence assay and real time RT-PCR, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done for the data analysis using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Kruskal–Wallis test, and multiple binary logistic regression in the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 16.0. RESULTS: Prevalence of RSV-associated ARTI was 28% in children < 5 years. Both RSV subtypes were detected throughout the study period. RSV-B was the dominant subtype detected with a prevalence of 72.14%. RSV infection in general caused severe respiratory disease leading to hypoxemia. Compared to RSV-B, RSV-A infection had more symptoms leading to hypoxemia. Factors increasing the risk of contracting RSV infection included number of people living (n > 6), having pets at home and inhaling toxic fumes. The inferential analysis predicts RSV infection in children < 5 years with ARTI, with a 75.4% probability with clinical and socio-demographic characteristics like age < 1 year, fever for > 4 days, cough, conjunctivitis, stuffiness, fatigue, six or more people at home, having pets at home and inhaling toxic fumes. Climatic factors like increases in temperature (°C), wind speed (Km/h), wind gust (Km/h), rainfall (mm) and atmospheric pressure (mb) showed a strong correlation with the RSV infection in children. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10330818/ /pubmed/37434712 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1173842 Text en Copyright © 2023 Divarathna, Rafeek, Morel, Aththanayake and Noordeen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Divarathna, Maduja V. M.
Rafeek, Rukshan A. M.
Morel, Adrian J.
Aththanayake, Chathuri
Noordeen, Faseeha
Epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from Sri Lanka
title Epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from Sri Lanka
title_full Epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from Sri Lanka
title_fullStr Epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from Sri Lanka
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from Sri Lanka
title_short Epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from Sri Lanka
title_sort epidemiology and risk factors of respiratory syncytial virus associated acute respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children younger than 5 years from sri lanka
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10330818/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37434712
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1173842
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