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Spatial expression patterns of genes encoding sugar sensors in leaves of C(4) and C(3) grasses

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The mechanisms of sugar sensing in grasses remain elusive, especially those using C(4) photosynthesis even though a large proportion of the world's agricultural crops utilize this pathway. We addressed this gap by comparing the expression of genes encoding components of sug...

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Autores principales: Benning, Urs F, Chen, Lily, Watson-Lazowski, Alexander, Henry, Clemence, Furbank, Robert T, Ghannoum, Oula
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10332396/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37103118
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcad057
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author Benning, Urs F
Chen, Lily
Watson-Lazowski, Alexander
Henry, Clemence
Furbank, Robert T
Ghannoum, Oula
author_facet Benning, Urs F
Chen, Lily
Watson-Lazowski, Alexander
Henry, Clemence
Furbank, Robert T
Ghannoum, Oula
author_sort Benning, Urs F
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The mechanisms of sugar sensing in grasses remain elusive, especially those using C(4) photosynthesis even though a large proportion of the world's agricultural crops utilize this pathway. We addressed this gap by comparing the expression of genes encoding components of sugar sensors in C(3) and C(4) grasses, with a focus on source tissues of C(4) grasses. Given C(4) plants evolved into a two-cell carbon fixation system, it was hypothesized this may have also changed how sugars were sensed. METHODS: For six C(3) and eight C(4) grasses, putative sugar sensor genes were identified for target of rapamycin (TOR), SNF1-related kinase 1 (SnRK1), hexokinase (HXK) and those involved in the metabolism of the sugar sensing metabolite trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) using publicly available RNA deep sequencing data. For several of these grasses, expression was compared in three ways: source (leaf) versus sink (seed), along the gradient of the leaf, and bundle sheath versus mesophyll cells. KEY RESULTS: No positive selection of codons associated with the evolution of C(4) photosynthesis was identified in sugar sensor proteins here. Expressions of genes encoding sugar sensors were relatively ubiquitous between source and sink tissues as well as along the leaf gradient of both C(4) and C(3) grasses. Across C(4) grasses, SnRK1β1 and TPS1 were preferentially expressed in the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, respectively. Species-specific differences of gene expression between the two cell types were also apparent. CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive transcriptomic study provides an initial foundation for elucidating sugar-sensing genes within major C(4) and C(3) crops. This study provides some evidence that C(4) and C(3) grasses do not differ in how sugars are sensed. While sugar sensor gene expression has a degree of stability along the leaf, there are some contrasts between the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells.
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spelling pubmed-103323962023-11-28 Spatial expression patterns of genes encoding sugar sensors in leaves of C(4) and C(3) grasses Benning, Urs F Chen, Lily Watson-Lazowski, Alexander Henry, Clemence Furbank, Robert T Ghannoum, Oula Ann Bot Original Articles BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The mechanisms of sugar sensing in grasses remain elusive, especially those using C(4) photosynthesis even though a large proportion of the world's agricultural crops utilize this pathway. We addressed this gap by comparing the expression of genes encoding components of sugar sensors in C(3) and C(4) grasses, with a focus on source tissues of C(4) grasses. Given C(4) plants evolved into a two-cell carbon fixation system, it was hypothesized this may have also changed how sugars were sensed. METHODS: For six C(3) and eight C(4) grasses, putative sugar sensor genes were identified for target of rapamycin (TOR), SNF1-related kinase 1 (SnRK1), hexokinase (HXK) and those involved in the metabolism of the sugar sensing metabolite trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) using publicly available RNA deep sequencing data. For several of these grasses, expression was compared in three ways: source (leaf) versus sink (seed), along the gradient of the leaf, and bundle sheath versus mesophyll cells. KEY RESULTS: No positive selection of codons associated with the evolution of C(4) photosynthesis was identified in sugar sensor proteins here. Expressions of genes encoding sugar sensors were relatively ubiquitous between source and sink tissues as well as along the leaf gradient of both C(4) and C(3) grasses. Across C(4) grasses, SnRK1β1 and TPS1 were preferentially expressed in the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, respectively. Species-specific differences of gene expression between the two cell types were also apparent. CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive transcriptomic study provides an initial foundation for elucidating sugar-sensing genes within major C(4) and C(3) crops. This study provides some evidence that C(4) and C(3) grasses do not differ in how sugars are sensed. While sugar sensor gene expression has a degree of stability along the leaf, there are some contrasts between the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells. Oxford University Press 2023-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10332396/ /pubmed/37103118 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcad057 Text en © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Benning, Urs F
Chen, Lily
Watson-Lazowski, Alexander
Henry, Clemence
Furbank, Robert T
Ghannoum, Oula
Spatial expression patterns of genes encoding sugar sensors in leaves of C(4) and C(3) grasses
title Spatial expression patterns of genes encoding sugar sensors in leaves of C(4) and C(3) grasses
title_full Spatial expression patterns of genes encoding sugar sensors in leaves of C(4) and C(3) grasses
title_fullStr Spatial expression patterns of genes encoding sugar sensors in leaves of C(4) and C(3) grasses
title_full_unstemmed Spatial expression patterns of genes encoding sugar sensors in leaves of C(4) and C(3) grasses
title_short Spatial expression patterns of genes encoding sugar sensors in leaves of C(4) and C(3) grasses
title_sort spatial expression patterns of genes encoding sugar sensors in leaves of c(4) and c(3) grasses
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10332396/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37103118
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcad057
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