Factors affecting women’s decision between uterine-preserving versus hysterectomy-based surgery for pelvic organ prolapse

BACKGROUND: Given the prevalence of women seeking surgical treatment for pelvic organ prolapse (POP), there is a need to understand women’s decision-making regarding uterine-preserving versus hysterectomy-based surgeries. Historically, hysterectomy-based surgeries have been the preferred treatment for pelvic organ prolapse; however, contemporary evidence supports uterine-preserving surgeries as equivalent. At present, the lack of information available to the general public and limited options presented at surgical consultation for pelvic organ prolapse may hinder women’s autonomy as they navigate surgical treatment. OBJECTIVES: To examine the factors affecting women’s decision-making processes regarding uterine-preserving or hysterectomy-based surgery for pelvic organ prolapse. DESIGN: This is a qualitative study. METHODS: We conducted semi-structured, qualitative interviews with women seeking surgery for pelvic organ prolapse to explore the factors affecting women’s decision-making between hysterectomy-based and uterine-preserving surgeries. RESULTS: Women (n = 26) used clinical and personal factors to determine which surgery was best. Women noted that the lack of evidence (clinical and/or anecdotal) available to them hindered their decision-making, causing them to rely more on their own interpretations of the evidence, what they perceived to be “normal,” and what their surgeon recommended. Even with standardized discussion regarding the existing clinical equipoise between surgeries at the clinical consultation, some women still had misperceptions that hysterectomy-based surgery would convey the lowest risk of prolapse recurrence and be best for severe prolapse. CONCLUSION: There is a need for more transparency in discussions about prolapse and the factors affecting women’s decision-making for surgical repair of pelvic organ prolapse. Clinicians should be prepared to offer the option of hysterectomy-based or uterine-preserving surgeries and to clearly explain the clinical equipoise between these procedures.