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Common Dermatologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) has been associated with cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and immune-related abnormalities. Several dermatologic conditions, including hidradenitis suppurativa, have also been found to be associated with DS. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to characterize t...

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Autores principales: Lam, Megan, Lu, Justin Di, Elhadad, Levi, Sibbald, Cathryn, Alhusayen, Raed
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: JMIR Publications 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10334906/
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/33391
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author Lam, Megan
Lu, Justin Di
Elhadad, Levi
Sibbald, Cathryn
Alhusayen, Raed
author_facet Lam, Megan
Lu, Justin Di
Elhadad, Levi
Sibbald, Cathryn
Alhusayen, Raed
author_sort Lam, Megan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) has been associated with cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and immune-related abnormalities. Several dermatologic conditions, including hidradenitis suppurativa, have also been found to be associated with DS. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence, presentation, and unique features of dermatologic disorders associated with DS. METHODS: Electronic searches of EMBASE (via Ovid), MEDLINE (via Ovid), and Web of Science databases were conducted on December 14, 2020. Observational studies including case reports of patients with DS presenting with concomitant primary dermatologic disorder were included. RESULTS: This systematic review captured 40 observational studies and 99 case reports, including 10 observational studies that examined the prevalence of common skin disorders in patients with DS. The most common dermatologic conditions reported includes atopic dermatitis (8 studies, n=180; 19.7% mean prevalence), hidradenitis suppurativa (15, n=478; 3.2%), ichthyosis (4, n=16; 4.7%), lichen nitidus (6, n=6; 1.1%), psoriasis (21, n=65; 4.8%), alopecia areata (27, n=253; 7.4%), vitiligo (8, n=40; 4.4%), onychomycosis (3, n=198; 24.7%), calcinosis cutis (14, n=15), connective tissue nevi (6, n=6), dermatofibroma (3, n=3), melanoma (3, n=3), syringomas (14, n=182; 21.2%), and elastosis perforans serpiginosa (19, n=24; 0.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate an increased prevalence of common cutaneous disorders in patients with DS, particularly infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune, and connective tissue conditions. Current guidelines for the screening, general management, and use of systemic immunomodulatory agents in this patient population are lacking. Patients with DS would benefit from screening for dermatologic disorders not otherwise regularly performed for earlier diagnosis and treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021226295; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=226295
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spelling pubmed-103349062023-07-18 Common Dermatologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Systematic Review Lam, Megan Lu, Justin Di Elhadad, Levi Sibbald, Cathryn Alhusayen, Raed JMIR Dermatol Review BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) has been associated with cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and immune-related abnormalities. Several dermatologic conditions, including hidradenitis suppurativa, have also been found to be associated with DS. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence, presentation, and unique features of dermatologic disorders associated with DS. METHODS: Electronic searches of EMBASE (via Ovid), MEDLINE (via Ovid), and Web of Science databases were conducted on December 14, 2020. Observational studies including case reports of patients with DS presenting with concomitant primary dermatologic disorder were included. RESULTS: This systematic review captured 40 observational studies and 99 case reports, including 10 observational studies that examined the prevalence of common skin disorders in patients with DS. The most common dermatologic conditions reported includes atopic dermatitis (8 studies, n=180; 19.7% mean prevalence), hidradenitis suppurativa (15, n=478; 3.2%), ichthyosis (4, n=16; 4.7%), lichen nitidus (6, n=6; 1.1%), psoriasis (21, n=65; 4.8%), alopecia areata (27, n=253; 7.4%), vitiligo (8, n=40; 4.4%), onychomycosis (3, n=198; 24.7%), calcinosis cutis (14, n=15), connective tissue nevi (6, n=6), dermatofibroma (3, n=3), melanoma (3, n=3), syringomas (14, n=182; 21.2%), and elastosis perforans serpiginosa (19, n=24; 0.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate an increased prevalence of common cutaneous disorders in patients with DS, particularly infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune, and connective tissue conditions. Current guidelines for the screening, general management, and use of systemic immunomodulatory agents in this patient population are lacking. Patients with DS would benefit from screening for dermatologic disorders not otherwise regularly performed for earlier diagnosis and treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021226295; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=226295 JMIR Publications 2022-02-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10334906/ http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/33391 Text en ©Megan Lam, Justin Di Lu, Levi Elhadad, Cathryn Sibbald, Raed Alhusayen. Originally published in JMIR Dermatology (http://derma.jmir.org), 08.02.2022. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Dermatology Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://derma.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
spellingShingle Review
Lam, Megan
Lu, Justin Di
Elhadad, Levi
Sibbald, Cathryn
Alhusayen, Raed
Common Dermatologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Systematic Review
title Common Dermatologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Systematic Review
title_full Common Dermatologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Systematic Review
title_fullStr Common Dermatologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Common Dermatologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Systematic Review
title_short Common Dermatologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Systematic Review
title_sort common dermatologic disorders in down syndrome: systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10334906/
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/33391
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