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Application of starch degrading bacteria from tobacco leaves in improving the flavor of flue-cured tobacco

Starch is an essential factor affecting the quality of flue-cured tobacco, and high starch content can affect the sensory quality and safety. Recently, the degradation of macromolecules in tobacco raw materials by using additional microorganisms to improve their intrinsic quality and safety has beco...

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Autores principales: Gong, Yinuo, Li, Jingjing, Deng, Xiaohua, Chen, Yiqiang, Chen, Shanyi, Huang, Hemin, Ni, Li, Long, Teng, He, Wei, Zhang, Jianping, Jiang, Zhenkun, Fan, Jianqiang, Zhang, Wen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335769/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37440887
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1211936
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author Gong, Yinuo
Li, Jingjing
Deng, Xiaohua
Chen, Yiqiang
Chen, Shanyi
Huang, Hemin
Ni, Li
Long, Teng
He, Wei
Zhang, Jianping
Jiang, Zhenkun
Fan, Jianqiang
Zhang, Wen
author_facet Gong, Yinuo
Li, Jingjing
Deng, Xiaohua
Chen, Yiqiang
Chen, Shanyi
Huang, Hemin
Ni, Li
Long, Teng
He, Wei
Zhang, Jianping
Jiang, Zhenkun
Fan, Jianqiang
Zhang, Wen
author_sort Gong, Yinuo
collection PubMed
description Starch is an essential factor affecting the quality of flue-cured tobacco, and high starch content can affect the sensory quality and safety. Recently, the degradation of macromolecules in tobacco raw materials by using additional microorganisms to improve their intrinsic quality and safety has become a new research hotspot in the tobacco industry. However, the technical maturity and application scale are limited. Our study analyzed the correlation between microbial community composition and volatile components on the surface of tobacco leaves from 14 different grades in Fujian tobacco-producing areas. The PICRUSt software was utilized to predict the function of the microbial community present in tobacco leaves. Furthermore, dominant strains that produced amylase were screened out, and an enzyme solution was prepared to enhance the flue-cured tobacco flavor. Changes in the content of macromolecules and volatile components were determined, and sensory evaluations were conducted to assess the overall quality of the tobacco leaves. The results showed that the dominant bacterial genera on the surface of Fujian tobacco leaves were Variovorax, Sphingomonas, Bacillus, etc. Bacillus was positively correlated with various volatile components, which contributed to the sweet and aromatic flavors of Fujian flue-cured tobacco. The main genetic functions of Fujian flue-cured tobacco surface bacteria were carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism. After treating flue-cured tobacco with an enzyme preparation prepared by the fermentation of Paenibacillus amylolyticus A17 #, the content of starch, pectin, and cellulose in flue-cured tobacco decreased significantly compared with the control group. Meanwhile, the content of total soluble sugar and reducing sugar was significantly increased, and the volatile aroma components, such as 3-hydroxy--damascone, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4 H-Pyran-4-one, ethyl palmitate, ethyl linolenic acid, etc., were significantly increased. The aroma quality and quantity of flue-cured tobacco were enhanced, while impurities were reduced. The smoke characteristics were improved, with increased fineness, concentration, and moderate strength. The taste characteristics were also improved, with reduced irritation and a better aftertaste. In conclusion, Bacillus, as the dominant genus in the abundance of bacterial communities on tobacco surfaces in Fujian, had an essential impact on the flavor of tobacco leaves by participating in carbohydrate metabolism and finally forming the unique flavor style of flue-cured tobacco in Fujian tobacco-producing areas. Paenibacillus amylolyticus A17 #, a target strain with amylase-producing ability, was screened from the surface of Fujian flue-cured tobacco. The enzyme preparation, produced by the fermentation of Paenibacillus amylolyticus A17 #, was utilized to reduce the content of macromolecules, increase the content of water-soluble total sugar and reducing sugar, and produce a variety of crucial volatile aroma components, which had a significant improvement on the quality of tobacco leaves.
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spelling pubmed-103357692023-07-12 Application of starch degrading bacteria from tobacco leaves in improving the flavor of flue-cured tobacco Gong, Yinuo Li, Jingjing Deng, Xiaohua Chen, Yiqiang Chen, Shanyi Huang, Hemin Ni, Li Long, Teng He, Wei Zhang, Jianping Jiang, Zhenkun Fan, Jianqiang Zhang, Wen Front Microbiol Microbiology Starch is an essential factor affecting the quality of flue-cured tobacco, and high starch content can affect the sensory quality and safety. Recently, the degradation of macromolecules in tobacco raw materials by using additional microorganisms to improve their intrinsic quality and safety has become a new research hotspot in the tobacco industry. However, the technical maturity and application scale are limited. Our study analyzed the correlation between microbial community composition and volatile components on the surface of tobacco leaves from 14 different grades in Fujian tobacco-producing areas. The PICRUSt software was utilized to predict the function of the microbial community present in tobacco leaves. Furthermore, dominant strains that produced amylase were screened out, and an enzyme solution was prepared to enhance the flue-cured tobacco flavor. Changes in the content of macromolecules and volatile components were determined, and sensory evaluations were conducted to assess the overall quality of the tobacco leaves. The results showed that the dominant bacterial genera on the surface of Fujian tobacco leaves were Variovorax, Sphingomonas, Bacillus, etc. Bacillus was positively correlated with various volatile components, which contributed to the sweet and aromatic flavors of Fujian flue-cured tobacco. The main genetic functions of Fujian flue-cured tobacco surface bacteria were carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism. After treating flue-cured tobacco with an enzyme preparation prepared by the fermentation of Paenibacillus amylolyticus A17 #, the content of starch, pectin, and cellulose in flue-cured tobacco decreased significantly compared with the control group. Meanwhile, the content of total soluble sugar and reducing sugar was significantly increased, and the volatile aroma components, such as 3-hydroxy--damascone, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4 H-Pyran-4-one, ethyl palmitate, ethyl linolenic acid, etc., were significantly increased. The aroma quality and quantity of flue-cured tobacco were enhanced, while impurities were reduced. The smoke characteristics were improved, with increased fineness, concentration, and moderate strength. The taste characteristics were also improved, with reduced irritation and a better aftertaste. In conclusion, Bacillus, as the dominant genus in the abundance of bacterial communities on tobacco surfaces in Fujian, had an essential impact on the flavor of tobacco leaves by participating in carbohydrate metabolism and finally forming the unique flavor style of flue-cured tobacco in Fujian tobacco-producing areas. Paenibacillus amylolyticus A17 #, a target strain with amylase-producing ability, was screened from the surface of Fujian flue-cured tobacco. The enzyme preparation, produced by the fermentation of Paenibacillus amylolyticus A17 #, was utilized to reduce the content of macromolecules, increase the content of water-soluble total sugar and reducing sugar, and produce a variety of crucial volatile aroma components, which had a significant improvement on the quality of tobacco leaves. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10335769/ /pubmed/37440887 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1211936 Text en Copyright © 2023 Gong, Li, Deng, Chen, Chen, Huang, Ni, Long, He, Zhang, Jiang, Fan and Zhang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Gong, Yinuo
Li, Jingjing
Deng, Xiaohua
Chen, Yiqiang
Chen, Shanyi
Huang, Hemin
Ni, Li
Long, Teng
He, Wei
Zhang, Jianping
Jiang, Zhenkun
Fan, Jianqiang
Zhang, Wen
Application of starch degrading bacteria from tobacco leaves in improving the flavor of flue-cured tobacco
title Application of starch degrading bacteria from tobacco leaves in improving the flavor of flue-cured tobacco
title_full Application of starch degrading bacteria from tobacco leaves in improving the flavor of flue-cured tobacco
title_fullStr Application of starch degrading bacteria from tobacco leaves in improving the flavor of flue-cured tobacco
title_full_unstemmed Application of starch degrading bacteria from tobacco leaves in improving the flavor of flue-cured tobacco
title_short Application of starch degrading bacteria from tobacco leaves in improving the flavor of flue-cured tobacco
title_sort application of starch degrading bacteria from tobacco leaves in improving the flavor of flue-cured tobacco
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335769/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37440887
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1211936
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