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Effect of Fish Oil and Linseed Oil on Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Goats

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Improvements in health-promoting milk fatty acids by feeding oil mixtures have been reported in dairy cows. However, in some cases, oil addition reduces milk yield and milk fat content. It is unknown whether the inclusion of linseed oil and fish oil at a high level in goat diets incr...

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Autores principales: Thanh, Lam Phuoc, Loor, Juan J., Mai, Duong Tran Tuyet, Hang, Tran Thi Thuy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10339933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37443972
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13132174
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author Thanh, Lam Phuoc
Loor, Juan J.
Mai, Duong Tran Tuyet
Hang, Tran Thi Thuy
author_facet Thanh, Lam Phuoc
Loor, Juan J.
Mai, Duong Tran Tuyet
Hang, Tran Thi Thuy
author_sort Thanh, Lam Phuoc
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Improvements in health-promoting milk fatty acids by feeding oil mixtures have been reported in dairy cows. However, in some cases, oil addition reduces milk yield and milk fat content. It is unknown whether the inclusion of linseed oil and fish oil at a high level in goat diets increases health-promoting fatty acids in milk without affecting milk production. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of linseed oil added alone at 2.5% or in combination with tuna fish oil at 2.5% or 4.16% in goat diets on intake, milk yield, and milk fatty acid profiles. Compared with the control without oil addition, feeding linseed oil and fish oil at 4.16% markedly increased the levels of health-promoting fatty acids in milk such as c9,t11 conjugated linoleic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid but decreased milk total saturated fatty acids, atherogenicity, and thrombogenicity indices. Oil addition did not have a negative effect on intake, milk yield, and milk fat content. Thus, supplementing linseed oil and fish oil at 4.16% in the diet of lactating goats could have a positive impact on human health without any adverse effects on animal performance. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating linseed oil and fish oil in the diet on intake, ruminal fermentation, milk yield, and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy goats. Four crossbred Saanen lactating goats in mid-lactation and milking 1.30 ± 0.28 g/day were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The basal diet contained concentrate and Para grass (C:F 40:60). Treatments included a basal diet without oil supplementation (Ctrl) or with 2.5% linseed oil (LO(2.5)), 2.5% linseed oil and fish oil (3:2, w/w, LFO(2.5)), and 4.16% linseed oil and fish oil (3:2, w/w, LFO(4.16)). Diets had no effect on intake, milk yield, milk composition, or ruminal fermentation (p > 0.05). Compared with Ctrl, lower (p < 0.05) proportions of C10:0–C14:0 in milk fat were observed with LFO(4.16). Compared with the Ctrl and linseed oil added alone, feeding LFO(4.16) led to a greater (p < 0.01) concentration of C18:1 t11. Compared with both the Ctrl and LO(2.5) diets, milk c9,t11 CLA was 4.53 and 2.94 times greater with the LFO(4.16) diet. Compared with Ctrl and LO(2.5) diets (0.06% and 0.08%), goats fed LFO(2.5,) and LFO(4.16) had greater (p < 0.001) concentrations of C22:6n-3 (0.63% and 0.87%). Overall, the combined data suggested that including 4.16% linseed oil and fish oil in the diet of dairy goats was effective in improving the concentrations of health-promoting fatty acids in milk without affecting milk production.
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spelling pubmed-103399332023-07-14 Effect of Fish Oil and Linseed Oil on Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Goats Thanh, Lam Phuoc Loor, Juan J. Mai, Duong Tran Tuyet Hang, Tran Thi Thuy Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Improvements in health-promoting milk fatty acids by feeding oil mixtures have been reported in dairy cows. However, in some cases, oil addition reduces milk yield and milk fat content. It is unknown whether the inclusion of linseed oil and fish oil at a high level in goat diets increases health-promoting fatty acids in milk without affecting milk production. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of linseed oil added alone at 2.5% or in combination with tuna fish oil at 2.5% or 4.16% in goat diets on intake, milk yield, and milk fatty acid profiles. Compared with the control without oil addition, feeding linseed oil and fish oil at 4.16% markedly increased the levels of health-promoting fatty acids in milk such as c9,t11 conjugated linoleic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid but decreased milk total saturated fatty acids, atherogenicity, and thrombogenicity indices. Oil addition did not have a negative effect on intake, milk yield, and milk fat content. Thus, supplementing linseed oil and fish oil at 4.16% in the diet of lactating goats could have a positive impact on human health without any adverse effects on animal performance. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating linseed oil and fish oil in the diet on intake, ruminal fermentation, milk yield, and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy goats. Four crossbred Saanen lactating goats in mid-lactation and milking 1.30 ± 0.28 g/day were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The basal diet contained concentrate and Para grass (C:F 40:60). Treatments included a basal diet without oil supplementation (Ctrl) or with 2.5% linseed oil (LO(2.5)), 2.5% linseed oil and fish oil (3:2, w/w, LFO(2.5)), and 4.16% linseed oil and fish oil (3:2, w/w, LFO(4.16)). Diets had no effect on intake, milk yield, milk composition, or ruminal fermentation (p > 0.05). Compared with Ctrl, lower (p < 0.05) proportions of C10:0–C14:0 in milk fat were observed with LFO(4.16). Compared with the Ctrl and linseed oil added alone, feeding LFO(4.16) led to a greater (p < 0.01) concentration of C18:1 t11. Compared with both the Ctrl and LO(2.5) diets, milk c9,t11 CLA was 4.53 and 2.94 times greater with the LFO(4.16) diet. Compared with Ctrl and LO(2.5) diets (0.06% and 0.08%), goats fed LFO(2.5,) and LFO(4.16) had greater (p < 0.001) concentrations of C22:6n-3 (0.63% and 0.87%). Overall, the combined data suggested that including 4.16% linseed oil and fish oil in the diet of dairy goats was effective in improving the concentrations of health-promoting fatty acids in milk without affecting milk production. MDPI 2023-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10339933/ /pubmed/37443972 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13132174 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Thanh, Lam Phuoc
Loor, Juan J.
Mai, Duong Tran Tuyet
Hang, Tran Thi Thuy
Effect of Fish Oil and Linseed Oil on Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Goats
title Effect of Fish Oil and Linseed Oil on Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Goats
title_full Effect of Fish Oil and Linseed Oil on Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Goats
title_fullStr Effect of Fish Oil and Linseed Oil on Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Goats
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Fish Oil and Linseed Oil on Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Goats
title_short Effect of Fish Oil and Linseed Oil on Intake, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Goats
title_sort effect of fish oil and linseed oil on intake, milk yield and milk fatty acid profile in goats
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10339933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37443972
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13132174
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