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Performance of the Malmgren Index for Assessing Root Resorption on 2D vs. 3D Radiographs: A Pilot Study

Objectives: To compare the performance of the Malmgren index on 2D and 3D radiographs. Methods: Patients with a panoramic radiograph and a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) taken at an interval of <3 months and presenting root resorption (RR) on at least one incisor and/or canine were retrospe...

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Autores principales: Michielsens, Hanne, Decreus, Julie, Begnoni, Giacomo, Verdonck, Anna, Jacobs, Reinhilde, Willems, Guy, Cadenas de Llano-Pérula, Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10340771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37444694
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131860
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author Michielsens, Hanne
Decreus, Julie
Begnoni, Giacomo
Verdonck, Anna
Jacobs, Reinhilde
Willems, Guy
Cadenas de Llano-Pérula, Maria
author_facet Michielsens, Hanne
Decreus, Julie
Begnoni, Giacomo
Verdonck, Anna
Jacobs, Reinhilde
Willems, Guy
Cadenas de Llano-Pérula, Maria
author_sort Michielsens, Hanne
collection PubMed
description Objectives: To compare the performance of the Malmgren index on 2D and 3D radiographs. Methods: Patients with a panoramic radiograph and a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) taken at an interval of <3 months and presenting root resorption (RR) on at least one incisor and/or canine were retrospectively included. RR was scored twice by two observers using the Malmgren index in both the 2D and 3D sets, and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. Results: 155 teeth were analyzed. The ICC was the lowest in 2D, followed by overall, transversal and sagittal 3D. Malmgren scores were systematically higher in 2D, which overestimated RR, especially in the transversal plane on all incisors and canines and in the sagittal plane on the maxillary incisors. 2D respectively leads to 28.0–34.8% of false positives and negatives when discriminating between RR or not. The early stages of RR are often misdiagnosed in 2D, while later stages are more accurate. Conclusions: The original Malmgren index is not suited for 3D images, especially axial, where using dichotomized values (resorption yes/no) leads to overestimation of RR. A low-dose CBCT of the upper incisors could detect RR with high diagnostic accuracy in the early stages of orthodontic treatment, especially in patients with dental trauma or familial RR history.
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spelling pubmed-103407712023-07-14 Performance of the Malmgren Index for Assessing Root Resorption on 2D vs. 3D Radiographs: A Pilot Study Michielsens, Hanne Decreus, Julie Begnoni, Giacomo Verdonck, Anna Jacobs, Reinhilde Willems, Guy Cadenas de Llano-Pérula, Maria Healthcare (Basel) Article Objectives: To compare the performance of the Malmgren index on 2D and 3D radiographs. Methods: Patients with a panoramic radiograph and a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) taken at an interval of <3 months and presenting root resorption (RR) on at least one incisor and/or canine were retrospectively included. RR was scored twice by two observers using the Malmgren index in both the 2D and 3D sets, and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. Results: 155 teeth were analyzed. The ICC was the lowest in 2D, followed by overall, transversal and sagittal 3D. Malmgren scores were systematically higher in 2D, which overestimated RR, especially in the transversal plane on all incisors and canines and in the sagittal plane on the maxillary incisors. 2D respectively leads to 28.0–34.8% of false positives and negatives when discriminating between RR or not. The early stages of RR are often misdiagnosed in 2D, while later stages are more accurate. Conclusions: The original Malmgren index is not suited for 3D images, especially axial, where using dichotomized values (resorption yes/no) leads to overestimation of RR. A low-dose CBCT of the upper incisors could detect RR with high diagnostic accuracy in the early stages of orthodontic treatment, especially in patients with dental trauma or familial RR history. MDPI 2023-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10340771/ /pubmed/37444694 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131860 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Michielsens, Hanne
Decreus, Julie
Begnoni, Giacomo
Verdonck, Anna
Jacobs, Reinhilde
Willems, Guy
Cadenas de Llano-Pérula, Maria
Performance of the Malmgren Index for Assessing Root Resorption on 2D vs. 3D Radiographs: A Pilot Study
title Performance of the Malmgren Index for Assessing Root Resorption on 2D vs. 3D Radiographs: A Pilot Study
title_full Performance of the Malmgren Index for Assessing Root Resorption on 2D vs. 3D Radiographs: A Pilot Study
title_fullStr Performance of the Malmgren Index for Assessing Root Resorption on 2D vs. 3D Radiographs: A Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Performance of the Malmgren Index for Assessing Root Resorption on 2D vs. 3D Radiographs: A Pilot Study
title_short Performance of the Malmgren Index for Assessing Root Resorption on 2D vs. 3D Radiographs: A Pilot Study
title_sort performance of the malmgren index for assessing root resorption on 2d vs. 3d radiographs: a pilot study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10340771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37444694
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131860
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