Optic Nerve Sheath Meningiomas: Solving Diagnostic Challenges with (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT

(68)Ga-DOTATOC PET could be a noninvasive, highly sensitive, and specific technique for the challenging diagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningioma (ONSM). Our objective was to report the use and results of (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET in suspected ONSM. Twelve subjects who underwent (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET for suspected ONSM in our department were retrospectively included. Standardised clinical and radiological data were collected. The PET examination results were classified as positive or negative, and lesion standardised uptake values (SUV(max)) were recorded. (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET confirmed positive uptake in six cases (SUV(max) > 5), leading to ONSM diagnoses followed by radiation therapy in patients with vision loss. Six (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET scans were considered negative (SUV(max) < 5); these comprised one case of neurosarcoidosis, one cavernous malformation, and four uncertain diagnoses, leading to further investigation. (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET was helpful in tumour volume delineation before radiation therapy, leading to a decrease in dose exposure. Noninvasive (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET should be performed before treating nonhistologically proven meningiomas with radiotherapy or stereotactic radiosurgery, particularly in cases of uncertain diagnosis with MRI, which characterises most ONSM cases. PET SUV(max) thresholds to distinguish meningioma from nonspecific uptake in other lesions need to be adapted to ONSM. (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET improves the intraorbital lesion diagnostic approach and therefore impacts therapeutic management.