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A Multivariant Surrogate Neutralization Assay Identifies Variant-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Profiles in Primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection

Primary infection with the Omicron variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be serologically identified with distinct profiles of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), as indicated by high titers against the Omicron variant and low titers against the ancestral wild-type...

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Autores principales: Springer, David Niklas, Traugott, Marianna, Reuberger, Elisabeth, Kothbauer, Klaus Benjamin, Borsodi, Christian, Nägeli, Michelle, Oelschlägel, Theresa, Kelani, Hasan, Lammel, Oliver, Deutsch, Josef, Puchhammer-Stöckl, Elisabeth, Höltl, Eva, Aberle, Judith Helene, Stiasny, Karin, Weseslindtner, Lukas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341213/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37443672
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13132278
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author Springer, David Niklas
Traugott, Marianna
Reuberger, Elisabeth
Kothbauer, Klaus Benjamin
Borsodi, Christian
Nägeli, Michelle
Oelschlägel, Theresa
Kelani, Hasan
Lammel, Oliver
Deutsch, Josef
Puchhammer-Stöckl, Elisabeth
Höltl, Eva
Aberle, Judith Helene
Stiasny, Karin
Weseslindtner, Lukas
author_facet Springer, David Niklas
Traugott, Marianna
Reuberger, Elisabeth
Kothbauer, Klaus Benjamin
Borsodi, Christian
Nägeli, Michelle
Oelschlägel, Theresa
Kelani, Hasan
Lammel, Oliver
Deutsch, Josef
Puchhammer-Stöckl, Elisabeth
Höltl, Eva
Aberle, Judith Helene
Stiasny, Karin
Weseslindtner, Lukas
author_sort Springer, David Niklas
collection PubMed
description Primary infection with the Omicron variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be serologically identified with distinct profiles of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), as indicated by high titers against the Omicron variant and low titers against the ancestral wild-type (WT). Here, we evaluated whether a novel surrogate virus neutralization assay (sVNT) that simultaneously quantifies the binding inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to the proteins of the WT- and Omicron-specific receptor-binding domains (RBDs) can identify nAb profiles after primary Omicron infection with accuracy similar to that of variant-specific live-virus neutralization tests (NTs). Therefore, we comparatively tested 205 samples from individuals after primary infection with the Omicron variant and the WT, and vaccinated subjects with or without Omicron breakthrough infections. Indeed, variant-specific RBD-ACE2 binding inhibition levels significantly correlated with respective NT titers (p < 0.0001, Spearman’s r = 0.92 and r = 0.80 for WT and Omicron, respectively). In addition, samples from individuals after primary Omicron infection were securely identified with the sVNT according to their distinctive nAb profiles (area under the curve = 0.99; sensitivity: 97.2%; specificity: 97.84%). Thus, when laborious live-virus NTs are not feasible, the novel sVNT we evaluated in this study may serve as an acceptable substitute for the serological identification of individuals with primary Omicron infection.
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spelling pubmed-103412132023-07-14 A Multivariant Surrogate Neutralization Assay Identifies Variant-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Profiles in Primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection Springer, David Niklas Traugott, Marianna Reuberger, Elisabeth Kothbauer, Klaus Benjamin Borsodi, Christian Nägeli, Michelle Oelschlägel, Theresa Kelani, Hasan Lammel, Oliver Deutsch, Josef Puchhammer-Stöckl, Elisabeth Höltl, Eva Aberle, Judith Helene Stiasny, Karin Weseslindtner, Lukas Diagnostics (Basel) Brief Report Primary infection with the Omicron variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be serologically identified with distinct profiles of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), as indicated by high titers against the Omicron variant and low titers against the ancestral wild-type (WT). Here, we evaluated whether a novel surrogate virus neutralization assay (sVNT) that simultaneously quantifies the binding inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to the proteins of the WT- and Omicron-specific receptor-binding domains (RBDs) can identify nAb profiles after primary Omicron infection with accuracy similar to that of variant-specific live-virus neutralization tests (NTs). Therefore, we comparatively tested 205 samples from individuals after primary infection with the Omicron variant and the WT, and vaccinated subjects with or without Omicron breakthrough infections. Indeed, variant-specific RBD-ACE2 binding inhibition levels significantly correlated with respective NT titers (p < 0.0001, Spearman’s r = 0.92 and r = 0.80 for WT and Omicron, respectively). In addition, samples from individuals after primary Omicron infection were securely identified with the sVNT according to their distinctive nAb profiles (area under the curve = 0.99; sensitivity: 97.2%; specificity: 97.84%). Thus, when laborious live-virus NTs are not feasible, the novel sVNT we evaluated in this study may serve as an acceptable substitute for the serological identification of individuals with primary Omicron infection. MDPI 2023-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10341213/ /pubmed/37443672 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13132278 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Brief Report
Springer, David Niklas
Traugott, Marianna
Reuberger, Elisabeth
Kothbauer, Klaus Benjamin
Borsodi, Christian
Nägeli, Michelle
Oelschlägel, Theresa
Kelani, Hasan
Lammel, Oliver
Deutsch, Josef
Puchhammer-Stöckl, Elisabeth
Höltl, Eva
Aberle, Judith Helene
Stiasny, Karin
Weseslindtner, Lukas
A Multivariant Surrogate Neutralization Assay Identifies Variant-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Profiles in Primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection
title A Multivariant Surrogate Neutralization Assay Identifies Variant-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Profiles in Primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection
title_full A Multivariant Surrogate Neutralization Assay Identifies Variant-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Profiles in Primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection
title_fullStr A Multivariant Surrogate Neutralization Assay Identifies Variant-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Profiles in Primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection
title_full_unstemmed A Multivariant Surrogate Neutralization Assay Identifies Variant-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Profiles in Primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection
title_short A Multivariant Surrogate Neutralization Assay Identifies Variant-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Profiles in Primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection
title_sort multivariant surrogate neutralization assay identifies variant-specific neutralizing antibody profiles in primary sars-cov-2 omicron infection
topic Brief Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341213/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37443672
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13132278
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