A Study of the Epidemiology, Clinical, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Northen-Central Region of Saudi Arabia

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is becoming increasingly prevalent in Saudi Arabia. However, there is limited data on the characteristics and manifestations of IBD in this population. This study aimed to establish a multi-cent...

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Autores principales: Al-Fawzan, Ahmed A., Al-Radhi, Sulaiman A., Al-Omar, Ahmed S., Al-Mutiri, Nawaf H., Al-Ammari, Ammar M., El-Gohary, Mohammad, Shamsan, Amal N., Al Shehri, Hamdan M., ALGhasab, Naif S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341260/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37443529
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13132135
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author Al-Fawzan, Ahmed A.
Al-Radhi, Sulaiman A.
Al-Omar, Ahmed S.
Al-Mutiri, Nawaf H.
Al-Ammari, Ammar M.
El-Gohary, Mohammad
Shamsan, Amal N.
Al Shehri, Hamdan M.
ALGhasab, Naif S.
author_facet Al-Fawzan, Ahmed A.
Al-Radhi, Sulaiman A.
Al-Omar, Ahmed S.
Al-Mutiri, Nawaf H.
Al-Ammari, Ammar M.
El-Gohary, Mohammad
Shamsan, Amal N.
Al Shehri, Hamdan M.
ALGhasab, Naif S.
author_sort Al-Fawzan, Ahmed A.
collection PubMed
description Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is becoming increasingly prevalent in Saudi Arabia. However, there is limited data on the characteristics and manifestations of IBD in this population. This study aimed to establish a multi-center database of patients with IBD in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia to better understand the demographics, prevalence, and manifestations of IBD in this population. Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with IBD at three healthcare facilities in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. The patient’s demographic and clinical characteristics, disease location and behavior, age at diagnosis, medication use, related surgeries, and extraintestinal manifestations were recorded based on the Montreal classification. A total of 257 patients with IBD were included in the study, of which 126 had UC and 131 had CD. Results: Of the 257 patients with IBD, 134 (52.2%) were male and 123 (47.8%) were female. The mean age of patients with CD and UC were 28.74 (range 15–67) and 38.79 (range 15–75) years, respectively. There was a significant difference between all age groups (p < 0.005), with more patients aged over 40 years being diagnosed with UC. UC was most commonly classified as left-sided UC (E2) (60; 47.6%), while the most common location of CD was the ileocolon (L3) (76; 58%). Non-stricturing and non-penetrating CD was the most common behavior (B1) (70; 53.8%). Approximately one-third of the patients with Crohn’s disease developed perianal disease (70; 27.2%), with fistulizing Crohn’s being the most prevalent manifestation (40; 30.5%), followed by abscess formation (10; 7.6%) and fissures (9; 6.8%). The most common extraintestinal manifestation was arthropathy (15; 5.8%). Significant p-values were detected for UC and CD (p = 0.036). Conclusions: This study provides crucial insights into the demographics, patterns, and manifestations of IBD in Saudi Arabia. The findings highlight the need for improved diagnosis, management, and treatment strategies for IBD in this population. The establishment of a multi-center database will help to facilitate future research and improve patient care in Saudi Arabia.
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spelling pubmed-103412602023-07-14 A Study of the Epidemiology, Clinical, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Northen-Central Region of Saudi Arabia Al-Fawzan, Ahmed A. Al-Radhi, Sulaiman A. Al-Omar, Ahmed S. Al-Mutiri, Nawaf H. Al-Ammari, Ammar M. El-Gohary, Mohammad Shamsan, Amal N. Al Shehri, Hamdan M. ALGhasab, Naif S. Diagnostics (Basel) Article Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is becoming increasingly prevalent in Saudi Arabia. However, there is limited data on the characteristics and manifestations of IBD in this population. This study aimed to establish a multi-center database of patients with IBD in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia to better understand the demographics, prevalence, and manifestations of IBD in this population. Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with IBD at three healthcare facilities in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. The patient’s demographic and clinical characteristics, disease location and behavior, age at diagnosis, medication use, related surgeries, and extraintestinal manifestations were recorded based on the Montreal classification. A total of 257 patients with IBD were included in the study, of which 126 had UC and 131 had CD. Results: Of the 257 patients with IBD, 134 (52.2%) were male and 123 (47.8%) were female. The mean age of patients with CD and UC were 28.74 (range 15–67) and 38.79 (range 15–75) years, respectively. There was a significant difference between all age groups (p < 0.005), with more patients aged over 40 years being diagnosed with UC. UC was most commonly classified as left-sided UC (E2) (60; 47.6%), while the most common location of CD was the ileocolon (L3) (76; 58%). Non-stricturing and non-penetrating CD was the most common behavior (B1) (70; 53.8%). Approximately one-third of the patients with Crohn’s disease developed perianal disease (70; 27.2%), with fistulizing Crohn’s being the most prevalent manifestation (40; 30.5%), followed by abscess formation (10; 7.6%) and fissures (9; 6.8%). The most common extraintestinal manifestation was arthropathy (15; 5.8%). Significant p-values were detected for UC and CD (p = 0.036). Conclusions: This study provides crucial insights into the demographics, patterns, and manifestations of IBD in Saudi Arabia. The findings highlight the need for improved diagnosis, management, and treatment strategies for IBD in this population. The establishment of a multi-center database will help to facilitate future research and improve patient care in Saudi Arabia. MDPI 2023-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10341260/ /pubmed/37443529 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13132135 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Al-Fawzan, Ahmed A.
Al-Radhi, Sulaiman A.
Al-Omar, Ahmed S.
Al-Mutiri, Nawaf H.
Al-Ammari, Ammar M.
El-Gohary, Mohammad
Shamsan, Amal N.
Al Shehri, Hamdan M.
ALGhasab, Naif S.
A Study of the Epidemiology, Clinical, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Northen-Central Region of Saudi Arabia
title A Study of the Epidemiology, Clinical, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Northen-Central Region of Saudi Arabia
title_full A Study of the Epidemiology, Clinical, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Northen-Central Region of Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr A Study of the Epidemiology, Clinical, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Northen-Central Region of Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed A Study of the Epidemiology, Clinical, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Northen-Central Region of Saudi Arabia
title_short A Study of the Epidemiology, Clinical, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Northen-Central Region of Saudi Arabia
title_sort study of the epidemiology, clinical, and phenotypic characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease in the northen-central region of saudi arabia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341260/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37443529
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13132135
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