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New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a tripeptide that regulates the neuroendocrine thyroid axis. Moreover, its widespread brain distribution has indicated that it is a relevant neuromodulator of behaviors such as feeding, arousal, anxiety, and locomotion. Importantly, it is also a neurotrophic pe...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341491/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446225 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311047 |
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author | Alvarez-Salas, Elena García-Luna, Cinthia de Gortari, Patricia |
author_facet | Alvarez-Salas, Elena García-Luna, Cinthia de Gortari, Patricia |
author_sort | Alvarez-Salas, Elena |
collection | PubMed |
description | Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a tripeptide that regulates the neuroendocrine thyroid axis. Moreover, its widespread brain distribution has indicated that it is a relevant neuromodulator of behaviors such as feeding, arousal, anxiety, and locomotion. Importantly, it is also a neurotrophic peptide, and thus may halt the development of neurodegenerative diseases and improve mood-related disorders. Its neuroprotective actions on those pathologies and behaviors have been limited due to its poor intestinal and blood–brain barrier permeability, and because it is rapidly degraded by a serum enzyme. As new strategies such as TRH intranasal delivery emerge, a renewed interest in the peptide has arisen. TRH analogs have proven to be safe in animals and humans, while not inducing alterations in thyroid hormones’ levels. In this review, we integrate research from different approaches, aiming to demonstrate the therapeutic effects of TRH, and to summarize new efforts to prolong and facilitate the peptide’s actions to improve symptoms and the progression of several pathologies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10341491 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103414912023-07-14 New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent Alvarez-Salas, Elena García-Luna, Cinthia de Gortari, Patricia Int J Mol Sci Review Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a tripeptide that regulates the neuroendocrine thyroid axis. Moreover, its widespread brain distribution has indicated that it is a relevant neuromodulator of behaviors such as feeding, arousal, anxiety, and locomotion. Importantly, it is also a neurotrophic peptide, and thus may halt the development of neurodegenerative diseases and improve mood-related disorders. Its neuroprotective actions on those pathologies and behaviors have been limited due to its poor intestinal and blood–brain barrier permeability, and because it is rapidly degraded by a serum enzyme. As new strategies such as TRH intranasal delivery emerge, a renewed interest in the peptide has arisen. TRH analogs have proven to be safe in animals and humans, while not inducing alterations in thyroid hormones’ levels. In this review, we integrate research from different approaches, aiming to demonstrate the therapeutic effects of TRH, and to summarize new efforts to prolong and facilitate the peptide’s actions to improve symptoms and the progression of several pathologies. MDPI 2023-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10341491/ /pubmed/37446225 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311047 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Alvarez-Salas, Elena García-Luna, Cinthia de Gortari, Patricia New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent |
title | New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent |
title_full | New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent |
title_fullStr | New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent |
title_full_unstemmed | New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent |
title_short | New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent |
title_sort | new efforts to demonstrate the successful use of trh as a therapeutic agent |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341491/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446225 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311047 |
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