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Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases

The cornea, with its delicate structure, is vulnerable to damage from physical, chemical, and genetic factors. Corneal transplantation, including penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties, can restore the functions of the cornea in cases of severe damage. However, the process of corneal transplantatio...

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Autores principales: Bhujel, Basanta, Oh, Se-Heon, Kim, Chang-Min, Yoon, Ye-Ji, Kim, Young-Jae, Chung, Ho-Seok, Ye, Eun-Ah, Lee, Hun, Kim, Jae-Yong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341647/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446091
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310917
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author Bhujel, Basanta
Oh, Se-Heon
Kim, Chang-Min
Yoon, Ye-Ji
Kim, Young-Jae
Chung, Ho-Seok
Ye, Eun-Ah
Lee, Hun
Kim, Jae-Yong
author_facet Bhujel, Basanta
Oh, Se-Heon
Kim, Chang-Min
Yoon, Ye-Ji
Kim, Young-Jae
Chung, Ho-Seok
Ye, Eun-Ah
Lee, Hun
Kim, Jae-Yong
author_sort Bhujel, Basanta
collection PubMed
description The cornea, with its delicate structure, is vulnerable to damage from physical, chemical, and genetic factors. Corneal transplantation, including penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties, can restore the functions of the cornea in cases of severe damage. However, the process of corneal transplantation presents considerable obstacles, including a shortage of available donors, the risk of severe graft rejection, and potentially life-threatening complications. Over the past few decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has become a novel alternative approach to corneal regeneration. Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of MSCs to differentiate into different corneal cell types, such as keratocytes, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. MSCs are considered a suitable candidate for corneal regeneration because of their promising therapeutic perspective and beneficial properties. MSCs compromise unique immunomodulation, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory properties and secrete various growth factors, thus promoting corneal reconstruction. These effects in corneal engineering are mediated by MSCs differentiating into different lineages and paracrine action via exosomes. Early studies have proven the roles of MSC-derived exosomes in corneal regeneration by reducing inflammation, inhibiting neovascularization, and angiogenesis, and by promoting cell proliferation. This review highlights the contribution of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes, their current usage status to overcome corneal disease, and their potential to restore different corneal layers as novel therapeutic agents. It also discusses feasible future possibilities, applications, challenges, and opportunities for future research in this field.
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spelling pubmed-103416472023-07-14 Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases Bhujel, Basanta Oh, Se-Heon Kim, Chang-Min Yoon, Ye-Ji Kim, Young-Jae Chung, Ho-Seok Ye, Eun-Ah Lee, Hun Kim, Jae-Yong Int J Mol Sci Review The cornea, with its delicate structure, is vulnerable to damage from physical, chemical, and genetic factors. Corneal transplantation, including penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties, can restore the functions of the cornea in cases of severe damage. However, the process of corneal transplantation presents considerable obstacles, including a shortage of available donors, the risk of severe graft rejection, and potentially life-threatening complications. Over the past few decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has become a novel alternative approach to corneal regeneration. Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of MSCs to differentiate into different corneal cell types, such as keratocytes, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. MSCs are considered a suitable candidate for corneal regeneration because of their promising therapeutic perspective and beneficial properties. MSCs compromise unique immunomodulation, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory properties and secrete various growth factors, thus promoting corneal reconstruction. These effects in corneal engineering are mediated by MSCs differentiating into different lineages and paracrine action via exosomes. Early studies have proven the roles of MSC-derived exosomes in corneal regeneration by reducing inflammation, inhibiting neovascularization, and angiogenesis, and by promoting cell proliferation. This review highlights the contribution of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes, their current usage status to overcome corneal disease, and their potential to restore different corneal layers as novel therapeutic agents. It also discusses feasible future possibilities, applications, challenges, and opportunities for future research in this field. MDPI 2023-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10341647/ /pubmed/37446091 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310917 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Bhujel, Basanta
Oh, Se-Heon
Kim, Chang-Min
Yoon, Ye-Ji
Kim, Young-Jae
Chung, Ho-Seok
Ye, Eun-Ah
Lee, Hun
Kim, Jae-Yong
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases
title Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases
title_full Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases
title_fullStr Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases
title_short Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases
title_sort mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes: a novel therapeutic approach for corneal diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341647/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446091
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310917
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