The CXCL13 Index as a Predictive Biomarker for Activity in Clinically Isolated Syndrome

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a clinically heterogenous disease. Currently, we cannot identify patients with more active disease who may potentially benefit from earlier interventions. Previous data from our lab identified the CXCL13 index (I(CXCL13)), a measure of intrathecal production of CXCL13, as a potential biomarker to predict future disease activity in MS patients two years after diagnosis. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) underwent a lumbar puncture and blood draw, and the I(CXCL13) was determined. They were then followed for at least 5 years for MS activity. Patients with high I(CXCL13) were more likely to convert to clinically definite MS (82.4%) compared to those with low I(CXCL13) (10.0%). The data presented below demonstrate that this predictive ability holds true in CIS and RIS patients, and for at least five years compared to our initial two-year follow-up study. These data support the concept that I(CXCL13) has the potential to be used to guide immunomodulatory therapy in MS.